{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T16:52:13Z","timestamp":1790355133423,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respiratory Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After the improvement of the initial phase of ARDS, when the patients begin spontaneous breathing and weaning from mechanical ventilation, some patients may present abnormal breathing patterns, whose evaluation of the repercussions were poorly studied. This study proposed to evaluate abnormal breathing patterns through the use of electrical impedance tomography (EIT), and clinical, respiratory mechanics, and ventilatory parameters according to the types of weaning from mechanical ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a prospective cohort study of subjects with ARDS who were considered able to be weaned from mechanical ventilation in the clinical-surgical ICU. Weaning types were defined as simple, difficult, and prolonged weaning. EIT, ventilatory, lung mechanics, and clinical data were collected. Data were collected at baseline in a controlled ventilatory mode and, after neuromuscular blocker withdrawal, data were collected after 30 min, 2 h, and 24 h. EIT parameter analysis was performed for ventilation distribution in the lung regions, pendelluft, breath-stacking, reverse-trigger, double-trigger, and asynchrony index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 25 subjects who were divided into 3 groups (9\/25 simple, 8\/25 difficult, and 8\/25 prolonged weaning). The prolonged weaning group showed more delirium, ICU\u2013acquired weakness, stay in ICU, and hospital and ICU mortality. During the change from controlled to spontaneous mode, we observed increased tidal volumes and driving pressures, which were mainly found in the prolonged weaning group when compared with the simple weaning group. The prolonged weaning group showed a higher flow index, more asynchronies during volume-assisted ventilation, a higher incidence of pendelluft, and redistribution of ventilation to posterior regions visualized by EIT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study showed abnormal breathing patterns in the prolonged weaning group. The clinical occult findings of abnormal breathing patterns could be monitored, mainly through EIT and with better assessment of pulmonary mechanics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/respcare.12304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,3]],"date-time":"2025-02-03T04:28:22Z","timestamp":1738556902000},"page":"530-540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["ARDS Weaning: The Impact of Abnormal Breathing Patterns Detected by Electric Tomography Impedance and Respiratory Mechanics Monitoring"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Iuri Christmann","family":"Wawrzeniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. Wawrzeniak and Vieira are affiliated with the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Drs. Wawrzeniak, Victorino, and Vieira are affiliated with the Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9 Almeida","family":"Victorino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. Wawrzeniak, Victorino, and Vieira are affiliated with the Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Dr. Victorino is affiliated with the Universidade Federal de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade de Porto Alegre, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eder Chaves","family":"Pacheco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mr. Pacheco, Drs. Alcala, and Amato are affiliated with the Laborat\u00f3rio de Pneumologia LIM-09, Disciplina Pneumologia. Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o (Incor), Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glasiele Cristina","family":"Alcala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mr. Pacheco, Drs. Alcala, and Amato are affiliated with the Laborat\u00f3rio de Pneumologia LIM-09, Disciplina Pneumologia. Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o (Incor), Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo Britto Passos","family":"Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mr. Pacheco, Drs. Alcala, and Amato are affiliated with the Laborat\u00f3rio de Pneumologia LIM-09, Disciplina Pneumologia. Instituto do Cora\u00e7\u00e3o (Incor), Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia Regina Rios","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. Wawrzeniak and Vieira are affiliated with the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil."},{"name":"Drs. 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