{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:21:17Z","timestamp":1787509277461,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431648000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Stem Cells and Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study evaluated the efficacy of umbilical cord blood (UCB) cell for patients with cerebral palsy (CP) in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial and also assessed factors and mechanisms related to the efficacy. Thirty-six children (ages 6 months to 20 years old) with CP were enrolled and treated with UCB or a placebo. Muscle strength and gross motor function were evaluated at baseline and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. Along with function measurements, each subject underwent\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography at baseline and 2 weeks after treatment. Cytokine and receptor levels were quantitated in serial blood samples. The UCB group showed greater improvements in muscle strength than the controls at 1 (0.94 vs. \u22120.35, respectively) and 3 months (2.71 vs. 0.65) after treatment (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    s&lt;0.05). The UCB group also showed greater improvements in gross motor performance than the control group at 6 months (8.54 vs. 2.60) after treatment (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.01). Additionally, positron emission tomography scans revealed decreased periventricular inflammation in patients administered UCB, compared with those treated with a placebo. Correlating with enhanced gross motor function, elevations in plasma pentraxin 3 and interleukin-8 levels were observed for up to 12 days after treatment in the UCB group. Meanwhile, increases in blood cells expressing Toll-like receptor 4 were noted at 1 day after treatment in the UCB group, and they were correlated with increased muscle strength at 3 months post-treatment. In this trial, treatment with UCB alone improved motor outcomes and induced systemic immune reactions and anti-inflammatory changes in the brain. Generally, motor outcomes were positively correlated with the number of UCB cells administered: a higher number of cells resulted in better outcomes. Nevertheless, future trials are needed to confirm the long-term efficacy of UCB therapy, as the follow-up duration of the present trial was short.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2015.0074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]],"date-time":"2015-05-15T10:21:03Z","timestamp":1431685263000},"page":"2259-2268","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Involvement of Immune Responses in the Efficacy of Cord Blood Cell Therapy for Cerebral Palsy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Mino","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyunghoon","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joonyoung","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myung Seo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University and CHA Medical Center Cord Blood Bank"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Jin","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Heum","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moon Kyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SeongSoo A.","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gachon University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MinYoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHA University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-02-453175"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2007.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.pdr.0000197309.08852.f5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1304"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S001216220500112X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000232556"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70058-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"830421","article-title":"Pathogen recognition by the long pentraxin PTX3","volume":"2011","author":"Moalli F","year":"2011","unstructured":"Moalli F, , Jaillon S, , Inforzato A, , Sironi M, , Bottazzi B, , Mantovani A, and Garlanda C. (2011). Pathogen recognition by the long pentraxin PTX3. J Biomed Biotechnol, 2011:830421.","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1005557"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000145167.30987.2E"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2011.01645.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.749234"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"Aids to Examination of the Peripheral Nervous System","author":"Brain","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brain (2000). Aids to Examination of the Peripheral Nervous System. W.B. Saunders London, UK."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2012.36.2.233"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2013.37.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","volume-title":"Bayley Scales of Infant Development","author":"Bayley N","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bayley N. (1993). Bayley Scales of Infant Development. The Psychological Corporation, San Antonio, TX."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","unstructured":"Uniform Data System for Medical Rehabilitation. (2006). The WeeFIMII Clinical Guide Version 6.0. Buffalo: UDSMR NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","volume-title":"Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI)","author":"Haley SM","year":"1992","unstructured":"Haley SM, , Coster WJ, , Ludlow LH, , Haltiwanger JT, and Andrellos PJ. (1992). Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). PEDI Research Group, Boston, MA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-2067-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.806547"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00177-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0267659113483799"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2012.00132"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04524.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1629"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00199-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-009266"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1854"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20110164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2010.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2184.1996.tb01583.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200838761"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3163"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2012.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.6.3916"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-228"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.6592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-014-3137-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200111000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2008.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e31820c6cdc"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v2.i4.51"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-141"}],"container-title":["Stem Cells and Development"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/scd.2015.0074","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/scd.2015.0074","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/scd.2015.0074","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T01:53:44Z","timestamp":1777686824000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/scd.2015.0074"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/scd.2015.0074"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/scd.2015.0074","relation":{},"ISSN":["1547-3287","1557-8534"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1547-3287","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8534","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,15]]}}}