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The ability of published extended-interval dosing nomograms to achieve optimal pharmacodynamic endpoints may be limited in certain critically ill surgical patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Review of pertinent English language literature. Presentation of descriptive, graded recommendations for extended-interval aminoglycoside dosing in critically ill surgical patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aminoglycoside dosing considerations in critically ill surgical patients should attempt to maximize the bacterial and host pharmacodynamic attributes of these agents. Empirically, extended-interval aminoglycoside doses proposed by published nomograms are reasonable for most patients; however, because of clinically meaningful variations in aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics, routine use of published extended-interval aminoglycoside dosing nomograms to determine an appropriate dosage interval is discouraged in many critically ill surgical patients. Critically ill surgical patients receiving extended-interval aminoglycoside dosages should undergo individualized pharmacokinetic analysis to characterize efficiently and more effectively plasma concentration-to-bacterial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) relationships and determine an appropriate dosing interval, considering site and severity of infection, plasma clearance, and the apparent post-antibiotic effect.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of extended-interval aminoglycoside dosage regimens in critically ill surgical patients should be based on pharmacodynamic endpoints and patient-specific pharmacokinetic assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2007.080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,27]],"date-time":"2009-12-27T12:40:41Z","timestamp":1261917641000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Use of Extended-Interval Aminoglycoside Dosing Strategies for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Infections Encountered in Critically Ill Surgical Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Eric W.","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley A.","family":"Boucher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Tennessee Health Science Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.5.1127"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","first-page":"271","article-title":"Aminoglycosides are useful for severe respiratory tract infections","volume":"12","author":"Craig WA","year":"1997","unstructured":"Craig WA, , Andes D. 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