{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T07:42:24Z","timestamp":1791186144586,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1381536000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The genu\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">s<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n                      consists of motile, gram-negative, facultative anaerobes found in marine environments.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      are the two species with documented pathogenicity in human beings. Most documented cases of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection worldwide have been reported in the context of bacteremia, cellulitis, and acute exacerbations of chronic otitis media in predisposed individuals. We report a rare case of necrotizing soft tissue infection by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in an immunocompetent individual. The infection followed exposure to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in contaminated water in New York City, New York.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We reviewed the English-language literature on similar cases of soft tissue infection using PubMed. Search terms included \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201d and \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201d in conjunction with \u201cnecrotizing\u201d and \u201cinfection.\u201d Cognizant that this search method may not have yielded early (pre-1985) reports about\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shewanella<\/jats:italic>\n                      because of changes in classification and nomenclature, we also searched for \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pseudomonas putrefaciens<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\u201d\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After prompt surgical debridement and culture-directed antibiotic therapy, the patient recovered from his infection without the need for re-intervention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This case may reflect the geographic spread and emergence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection in the United States. Clinicians should be aware of the virulence of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. algae<\/jats:italic>\n                      and potential for the rapid clinical deterioration of persons it infects even among immunocompetent individuals.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2012.208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T21:09:24Z","timestamp":1381612164000},"page":"336-338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<i>Shewanella algae<\/i>\n                    : A Rare Cause of Necrotizing Fasciitis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Aditi L.","family":"Ananth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute of New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naiem","family":"Nassiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute of New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicken N.","family":"Pamoukian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lenox Hill Heart and Vascular Institute of New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.1.97"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514537"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.2240-2241.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-42-4-628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01108.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.6.1036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156855902760262808"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.10.5388-5390.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/497143"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","volume-title":"Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine","author":"Stevens DL","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stevens DL. Infections of the skin, muscles, and soft tissues. In: Longo DL, , Fauci AS, , Kasper DL, et al., eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th ed. New York. McGraw-Hill, 2012.","edition":"18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2009.24.6.1192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/13.4.642"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.63.6.2189-2199.1997"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.48.5.1670-1675.2004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","volume-title":"Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology","author":"Suurmond D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Suurmond D. Skin signs of vascular insufficiency. In: Suurmond D, ed. Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas & Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology, 6th ed. New York. McGraw-Hill, 2009.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.3.783-787.1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.1997.tb00622.x"}],"container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/sur.2012.208","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/sur.2012.208","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/sur.2012.208","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:18:17Z","timestamp":1777688297000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/sur.2012.208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/sur.2012.208"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2012.208","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-2964","1557-8674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-2964","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]]}}}