{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T22:08:08Z","timestamp":1790287688542,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,31]],"date-time":"2015-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      nasal carriage is an independent risk factor for developing nosocomial infections and for developing surgical site infection (SSI) in particular. The number of post-operative nosocomial\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections can be reduced by screening patients and decolonizing nasal carriers. In addition to patients, health care workers may also be\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      nasal carriers. The aim of this study was to explore\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      nasal carriage rates among surgeons.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Nasal swabs were collected from surgeons and surgical residents during a national surgical congress. The control group consisted of non-hospitalized patients.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      carriage was detected using selective chromogenic agars by use of a fully automated inoculator. Suspected colonies were identified further by positive catalase and slide coagulation reactions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Samples were collected from 366 surgeons and surgical residents and 950 control patients. The\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      nasal carriage rate among surgeons and residents was significantly greater compared with the control group (45.4% versus 30.8%, odds ratio [OR] 1.86 [1.45\u20132.38], p&lt;0.001). No significant difference in carriage rate was found between surgeons and residents (46.8% versus 43.3%, p=0.769) and years of experience as a surgeon was not associated with a greater carriage rate. Male gender was an independent risk factor for carriage among physicians odds ratio ([OR] 1.90 [95% confidence interval 1.19\u20133.01], p=0.007).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The nationwide rate of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      nasal carriage among surgeons and surgical residents proved to be significantly greater compared with a non-hospitalized patient control group. Male gender is an independent risk factor for carriage among physicians. Future studies are needed to investigate the possible relation with nosocomial post-operative\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2014.022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T10:12:13Z","timestamp":1427883133000},"page":"178-182","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nasal Carriage of\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>\n                    among Surgeons and Surgical Residents: A Nationwide Prevalence Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jeroen L.A.","family":"van Vugt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbis Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.S.","family":"Coelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbis Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk W.","family":"van Dam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbis Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bjorn","family":"Winkens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joep P.M.","family":"Derikx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maastricht University Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edou R.","family":"Heddema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbis Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan H.M.B.","family":"Stoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orbis Medical Center","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0196-6553(99)70088-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(03)00391-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70295-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2007.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502426"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6060(03)00390-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-005-4012-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-009-0867-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038127"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2007.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/501763"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70281-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa003069"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"CD006216","article-title":"Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers","author":"van Rijen M","year":"2008","unstructured":"van Rijen M, , Bonten M, , Wenzel R, , Kluytmans J. Mupirocin ointment for preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in nasal carriers. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008:CD006216.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808939"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16897-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"985","article-title":"Prevalence of nasal Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital personnel and associated risk factors","volume":"69","author":"Rashid Z","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rashid Z, , Farzana K, , Sattar A, , Murtaza G. Prevalence of nasal Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital personnel and associated risk factors. Acta Pol Pharm, 2012; 69:985\u2013991.","journal-title":"Acta Pol Pharm"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","first-page":"290","article-title":"Nasal carriage of staphylococci in health care workers: Antimicrobial susceptibility profile","volume":"21","author":"Farzana K","year":"2008","unstructured":"Farzana K, , Rashid Z, , Akhtar N, et al. Nasal carriage of staphylococci in health care workers: Antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Pak J Pharm Sci, 2008; 21:290\u2013294.","journal-title":"Pak J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-004-1258-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/523865"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"257","article-title":"The prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital in Assam with special reference to MRSA","volume":"7","author":"Rongpharpi SR","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rongpharpi SR, , Hazarika NK, , Kalita H. The prevalence of nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers at a tertiary care hospital in Assam with special reference to MRSA. J Clin Diagn Res, 2013; 7:257\u2013260.","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.00991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.3.505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/341025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-6-200403160-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2012.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0160-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patbio.2008.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.3163-3166.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis778"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502275"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/650451"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/502277"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1994.00420130101013"}],"container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/sur.2014.022","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/sur.2014.022","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/sur.2014.022","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T02:19:35Z","timestamp":1777688375000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/sur.2014.022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,31]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/sur.2014.022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2014.022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1096-2964","1557-8674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1096-2964","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-8674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,31]]}}}