{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T13:08:25Z","timestamp":1779196105975,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461283200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Nosocomial meningitis and ventriculitis (MEN) are serious complications in neuro-critical care unit (NCCU) patients. Few data are available on the risk factors and mortality rates among NCCU patients with these disorders caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. Our aim was to identify the risk factors for MEN caused by such pathogens and in-hospital deaths in critically ill neurologic patients and to evaluate the impact of empirical combination antibiotic therapy (ECAT) on the outcomes of these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective study of critically ill neurologic patients having nosocomial MEN who were admitted to the NCCU in a university teaching hospital from January 2003 to December 2013, with MEN being defined using the modified U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for nosocomial infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 6,149 consecutive NCCU patients were screened; 132 had MEN. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that MDR MEN was related to infection with gram-negative (GN) bacteria (odds ratio 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08\u20139.25; p\u2009=\u20090.036), and inadequate initial antibiotic therapy (odds ratio 9.80; 95% CI 3.79\u201325.32; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The ECAT was associated with a lower mortality rate (hazard ratio 0.35; 95% CI 0.14\u20130.86; p\u2009=\u20090.022) in Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. The other variable independently associated with a greater mortality rate was a greater Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (hazard ratio 1.07; 95% CI 1.01\u20131.13; p\u2009=\u20090.018).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial combination therapy improves the in-hospital mortality rate among NCCU patients with nosocomial MEN. Inadequate initial antibiotic therapy and GN infection were associated with MDR MEN.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2015.060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]],"date-time":"2016-04-22T12:40:08Z","timestamp":1461328808000},"page":"465-472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Empirical Combination Antibiotic Therapy Improves the Outcome of Nosocomial Meningitis or Ventriculitis in Neuro-Critical Care Unit Patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Zhiqi","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuehai","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuoying","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yirui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fudan University","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/668770"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006123-199807000-00133"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01808684"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/518580"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"532","article-title":"Risk factors for adult nosocomial meningitis after craniotomy: Role of antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"62","author":"Korinek AM","year":"2008","unstructured":"Korinek AM, , Baugnon T, , Golmard JL, et al. 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