{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T03:37:30Z","timestamp":1790393850370,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]],"date-time":"2016-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470614400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Current scolicidal agents, which have been used for inactivation of protoscoleces during surgical procedures, are associated with adverse side effects including sclerosing cholangitis. This investigation aimed to evaluate the scolicidal effects of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bunium persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Boiss) essential oil against protoscoleces of hydatid cysts and also its toxicity in a mice model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Protoscoleces were aseptically aspirated from sheep livers having hydatid cysts. Various concentrations of the essential oil (3.125\u201350\u2009mcL\/mL) were used for 5\u201330\u2009min. The viability of protoscoleces was confirmed using the eosin exclusion test (0.1% eosin staining). Further, 48 male NMRI mice were used to determine the acute and sub-acute toxicity of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      essential oil.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The obtained results revealed that the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      essential oil at the concentrations of 25 and 50\u2009mcL\/mL after 5\u2009min of exposure killed 100% protoscoleces. The mean mortality rate of protoscoleces after 10\u2009min of exposure to the concentration of 12.5\u2009mcL\/mL was 100%. Lower concentrations (6.25 and 3.125\u2009mcL\/mL) of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      essential oil, however, indicated a delayed protoscolicidal effects. The LD\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      value of intra-peritoneal injection of the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      essential oil was 1.96\u2009mL\/kg body wt. No significant difference (p\u2009&gt;\u20090.05) was observed in the clinical chemistry and hematologic parameters after oral administrations of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      essential oil at the doses 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 4\u2009mL\/kg for 14\u2009d.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings demonstrated the potent scolicidal activity of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. persicum<\/jats:italic>\n                      with no significant toxicity; it might be used as a natural scolicidal agent in hydatid cyst surgery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2016.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]],"date-time":"2016-08-08T15:52:58Z","timestamp":1470671578000},"page":"713-719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of\n                    <i>Bunium Persicum<\/i>\n                    (Boiss) to Inactivate Protoscoleces during Hydatid Cyst Operations"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hossein","family":"Mahmoudvand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lorestan University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razieh","family":"Tavakoli Oliaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Reza","family":"Mirbadie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shahroud University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farnaz","family":"Kheirandish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lorestan University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Tavakoli Kareshk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Behrouz","family":"Ezatpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lorestan University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hormoz","family":"Mahmoudvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lorestan University of Medical Sciences","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) informal working group on echinococcosis. 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