{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:55:14Z","timestamp":1791824114247,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Surgical Infections"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    <jats:bold>Abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is a rare post-operative infection that can be fatal if treatment is delayed. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a more common cause of encephalitis than herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), however, a significant overlap exists. The goal of this project was to understand the frequency and trend of HSVE after neurosurgery through a case series at our institution and in the literature with a focus on comparing HSV-1 versus HSV-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A literature review of all published cases and case series of HSVE after neurosurgery was performed. Descriptive statistics comparing HSV-1 and HSV-2 encephalitis were computed. Data on demographics, symptoms, surgery, treatment, immunosuppression, imaging findings, steroids, and mortality were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified 55 total cases of HSVE post-neurosurgery. These included 28 cases of HSV-1, 10 cases of HSV-2, and 17 cases of HSV-unspecified encephalitis. There were no differences in age, gender, symptoms, surgery, or latency between surgery and symptom onset between HSV-1 and HSV-2. Mortality was higher with HSV-1 versus HSV-2 although not statistically significant. The primary surgical indication varied substantially between HSV-1 and HSV-2.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herpes simplex virus encephalitis is often overlooked in the setting of encephalitis after surgery. A high index of suspicion is needed to prevent a delay in treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2023.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T15:04:42Z","timestamp":1690902282000},"page":"583-587","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Understanding Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Versus Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Encephalitis After Neurosurgery: A Case Series and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Noora","family":"Kazanji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Benvenuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Rizk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","first-page":"57A","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system: Encephalitis and meningitis, including Mollaret's","volume":"11","author":"Tyler KL","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tyler KL. Herpes simplex virus infections of the central nervous system: Encephalitis and meningitis, including Mollaret's. Herpes, 2004; 11(Suppl 2):57A\u201364A.","journal-title":"Herpes"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","unstructured":"StataCorp. 2021. Stata Statistical Software: Release 17. College Station TX: StataCorp LLC."},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0046-8177(98)90038-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surneu.2004.08.066"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"Contamination of a glioma by herpes simplex virus (in French)","volume":"129","author":"Ochsner F","year":"1981","unstructured":"Ochsner F. Contamination of a glioma by herpes simplex virus (in French). 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