{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:29:49Z","timestamp":1791296989318,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]],"date-time":"2012-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329868800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Tissue engineering approaches using the combination of porous ceramics and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) represent a promising bone substitute for repairing large bone defects. Nevertheless, optimal conditions for constructing tissue-engineered bone have yet to be determined. It remains unclear if transplantation of predifferentiated BMSCs is superior to undifferentiated BMSCs or freshly isolated bone marrow mononucleated cells (BMNCs) in terms of new bone formation\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    osteogenic differentiation (\u03b2-glycerophosphate, dexamethasone, and\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -ascorbic acid) of human BMSCs on the capability to form tissue-engineered bone in unloaded conditions after subcutaneous implantation in nude mice. After isolation from human bone marrow aspirates, BMNCs were divided into three parts: one part was seeded onto porous beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramics immediately and transplanted in a heterotopic nude mice model; two parts were expanded\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    to passage 2 before cell seeding and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    transplantation, either under osteogenic conditions or not. Animals were sacrificed for micro-CT and histological evaluation at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 weeks postimplantation. The results showed that BMSCs differentiated into osteo-progenitor cells after induction, as evidenced by the altered cell morphology and elevated alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposition, but their clonogenicity, proliferating rate, and seeding efficacy were not significantly affected by osteogenic differentiation, compared with undifferentiated cells. Extensive new bone formed in the pores of all the scaffolds seeded with predifferentiated BMSCs at 4 weeks after implantation, and maintained for 20 weeks. On the contrary, scaffolds containing undifferentiated BMSCs revealed limited bone formation only in 1 out of 6 cases at 8 weeks, and maintained for 4 weeks. For scaffolds with BMNCs, woven bone was observed sporadically only in one case at 8 weeks. Overall, this study suggests that ectopic osteogenesis of cell\/scaffold composites is more dependent on the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    expansion condition, and osteo-differentiated BMSCs hold the highest potential concerning\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    bone regeneration.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2011.0470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,18]],"date-time":"2012-01-18T05:54:48Z","timestamp":1326866088000},"page":"545-556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Ectopic Bone Regeneration by Human Bone Marrow Mononucleated Cells, Undifferentiated and Osteogenically Differentiated Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Xinhai","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TongJi University","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Minhang Central Hospital","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dawei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The 4th Hospital of Haerbin Medical University","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TongJi University","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangpeng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TongJi University","place":["People's Republic of China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.06.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00492-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-196803000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200310000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/79449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199807000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2006.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.423"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10856-007-3348-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200102013440516"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.0271"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199101000-00038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0142-9612(91)90209-S"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199108000-00038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(98)00009-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00193-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4636(200102)54:2<216::AID-JBM8>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/1076327041348482"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1748-6041\/2\/2\/004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2006.12.3449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00062-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2010.0471"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600845187"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v020a10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2008.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2009.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-182246"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(00)00330-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/term.11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199704270-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2009.0041"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4644(199702)64:2<278::AID-JCB11>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(92)90364-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199910001-00008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.6.989"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1999.14.7.1115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2007.0229"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.prs.0000256319.89619.c8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.08.005"}],"container-title":["Tissue 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