{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:04:43Z","timestamp":1777939483774,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The lack of appropriate experimental models often limits our ability to investigate the establishment of infections in specific tissues. To reproduce the structural and spatial organization of vaginal mucosae to study human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, we used the self-assembly technique to bioengineer tridimensional vaginal mucosae using human cells extracted from HIV-1-negative healthy pre- and postmenopausal donors. We produced a stroma, free of exogenous material, that can be adapted to generate near-to-native vaginal tissue with the best complexity obtained with seeded epithelial cells on the organ-specific stroma. The autologous engineered tissues had mechanical properties close to native mucosa and shared similar glycogen production, which declined in reconstructed tissues of the postmenopausal donor. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    -engineered tissues were also rendered immune competent by adding human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) on the epithelium or in the stroma layers. The model was infected with HIV-1, and viral replication and transcytosis were observed when immunocompetent reconstructed vaginal mucosa tissue has incorporated MDMs into the stroma and infected with free HIV-1 green fluorescent protein (GFP) viral particles. These data illustrate a natural permissiveness of immunocompetent untransformed human vaginal mucosae to HIV-1 infection. This model offers a physiological tool to explore viral load, HIV-1 transmission in an environment that may contribute to the virus propagation, and new antiviral treatments\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact statement<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study introduces an innovative immunocompetent three-dimensional human organ-specific vaginal mucosa free of exogenous material for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      modeling of human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection. The proposed model is histologically close to native tissue, especially by presenting glycogen accumulation in the epithelium's superficial cells, responsive to estrogen, and able to sustain a monocyte-derived macrophage population infected or not by HIV-1 during \u223c2 months.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2020.0333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,12]],"date-time":"2021-02-12T01:50:02Z","timestamp":1613094602000},"page":"152-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Immunocompetent Human 3D Organ-Specific Hormone-Responding Vaginal Mucosa Model of HIV-1 Infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Saba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Corinne","family":"Barat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Immune Diseases, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Chabaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nolan","family":"Reyjon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maude","family":"Leclerc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weronika","family":"Jakubowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hazem","family":"Orabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asmaa","family":"Lachhab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Immune Diseases, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Pelletier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Immune Diseases, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel J.","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Immune Diseases, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Bolduc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Organogen\u00e8se Exp\u00e9rimentale de l'Universit\u00e9 Laval\/LOEX, Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec-Universit\u00e9 Laval, Axe M\u00e9decine R\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrice, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec City, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"UNAIDS. 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