{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:06:02Z","timestamp":1777939562175,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722470400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Tissue Engineering Part C: Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of small-diameter vascular grafts requires testing in large animal models before advancing to clinical trials. Vascular graft interposition implantation in sheep carotid arteries (CAs) is the most widely used model, but ovine CAs are prone to severe spasm following surgical manipulation, potentially impairing graft performance assessment. There is paucity in the literature on reducing sheep CA spasm using effective vasodilator therapeutic protocols. In this study, four healthy Merino cross White Suffolk wethers (1\u20132 years, 52.1 \u00b1 0.8 kg) underwent CT angiography and CA graft surgery. CT angiography using iodinated contrast agent was performed with innominate artery access through the CA or ascending aortic arch access through the femoral artery. Sheep then underwent right CA sham surgery or left CA vascular graft implantation. A variety of vasodilators, including papaverine, sodium nitroprusside, verapamil, and their combination, were tested for preventing or treating CA spasms intraoperatively. Blood flow was reassessed immediately after CA surgery using CT angiography. The results showed that innominate artery access through the CA for CT angiography in sheep induced presurgical CA spasm with reduced arterial flow. Conversely, ascending aortic arch access through the femoral artery for CT angiography did not cause CA spasm and maintained arterial flow. During CA graft surgery, surgical trauma induced CA spasm, which was prevented by localized intra-arterial administration of vasodilators papaverine hydrochloride and verapamil before significant surgical manipulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2024.0113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,30]],"date-time":"2024-07-30T11:02:59Z","timestamp":1722337379000},"page":"335-342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Preventing Sheep Carotid Artery Spasm for Vascular Graft Surgery and Computed Tomography Angiography"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugh","family":"Paterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School\u2014Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Partel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Imaging, Core Research Facilities, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Innes","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animal Services, Core Research Facilities, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Adams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Camperdown Vascular Lab, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cistulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgical Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiothoracic Surgical Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffi","family":"Qasabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Surgical Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean","family":"Lal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony S.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Charles Perkins Centre, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Bannon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School\u2014Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta, the Baird Institute for Applied Heart and Lung Research, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Hume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"Centre for Heart Failure and Diseases of the Aorta, the Baird Institute for Applied Heart and Lung Research, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2015.0100"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202205614"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2017.0350"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13028-018-0397-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_7_6_2","first-page":"203","article-title":"The anatomy of the cerebral circulation of the sheep and ox. 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