{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:08:45Z","timestamp":1777939725575,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Localized brain hypothermia (HYPO) can be achieved by infusing cold saline into the carotid artery of animals and patients. Studies suggest that HYPO improves behavioral and histological outcomes in focal ischemia models. Given that ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) share pathophysiological overlap, we tested whether cold saline infusion is safe and neuroprotective when given during collagenase-induced ICH. Eighty-five adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Experiment 1 investigated brain and body temperature changes associated with a cold saline infusion paradigm that was scaled from patients according to brain weight and blood volume (3\u2009mL\/20-minute infusion). Experiment 2 determined whether HYPO aggravated bleeding volume. Experiment 3 investigated if cerebral edema or elemental concentrations were altered by HYPO. We also collected core body temperature and activity data through telemetry. Experiment 4 investigated whether behavioral outcomes (e.g., skilled reaching) and tissue loss were influenced by HYPO. Our HYPO protocol decreased the ipsilateral striatal temperature by \u223c0.20\u00b0C (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no other effects. HYPO did not affect hematoma volume (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.64), cerebral edema (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.34), or elemental concentrations (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.49) at 24 hours post-ICH. Although ICH caused persistent behavioral impairments, HYPO did not improve behavioral outcomes (measured by a neurological deficit scale, cylinder, and the staircase test;\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.05 for all). Brain tissue loss was not different between groups on day 28 post-ICH (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.90). Although cold saline infusion appears to be safe in the acute post-ICH period, there was no evidence that this therapy improved outcome. However, our treatment protocol was relatively mild and additional interventions might help improve efficacy. Finally, our findings may also speak to the safety of this cooling approach in focal ischemia where hemorrhagic transformation is a risk; future studies on this issue are needed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2020.0010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,26]],"date-time":"2020-05-26T21:20:50Z","timestamp":1590528050000},"page":"171-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Infusion of Cold Saline into the Carotid Artery Does Not Affect Outcome After Intrastriatal Hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Lane J.","family":"Liddle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittany J.","family":"Prokop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Dirks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Demchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calgary Stroke Program, Calgary, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Almekhlafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Calgary Stroke Program, Calgary, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederick","family":"Colbourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."},{"name":"Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318265d1b8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2016.00864"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13049-015-0121-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balls M Goldberg AM Fentem JH et al. The three Rs: the way forward. 1995; 23:838\u2013866.","DOI":"10.1177\/026119299502300614"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1743132814Y.0000000451"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.012727"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1961"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.11.2296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/016164111X13007856084287"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000114513.96704.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000028237.15541.CC"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.119.026523"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-012-0222-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308413"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000069"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JNN.0000000000000340"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.203"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2015.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2014.0020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000412"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-012-0209-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0224870"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18814614"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600255"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600548"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2016.0033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(91)90048-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00388"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-018-0636-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","unstructured":"Paxinos G Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates: Hard Cover Edition. London UK: Elsevier 2006."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.112.655910"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-012-0201-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.10.067"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987319844690"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600403"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2010.08.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210660"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"Hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction: current concepts and challenges","volume":"2","author":"Zhang J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang J, , Yang Y, , Sun H, et al. Hemorrhagic transformation after cerebral infarction: current concepts and challenges. Ann Transl Med, 2014; 2:81.","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"}],"container-title":["Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/ther.2020.0010","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ther.2020.0010","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/ther.2020.0010","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:26:03Z","timestamp":1777699563000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/ther.2020.0010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/ther.2020.0010"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/ther.2020.0010","relation":{},"ISSN":["2153-7658","2153-7933"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2153-7658","type":"print"},{"value":"2153-7933","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]}}}