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Thirty-six rabbits (72 eyes) were included in this study and randomly divided into 3 equal groups according to the temperature of the intraocular irrigating fluid they received during vitrectomy. Vitreoretinal surgery was performed with a 5\u00b0C irrigation solution in group 1 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes), a 22\u00b0C irrigation solution in group 2 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes), and a 36\u00b0C irrigation solution in group 3 (12 rabbits, 24 eyes). In each group of animals, the mean irrigation\/aspiration time was 30 minutes for left eyes and 60 minutes for right eyes. Histological examination of the retina was performed 1, 7, and 30 days after surgery. During surgery, the temperature in the vitreous cavity of the eyes of rabbits of groups 1, 2, and 3 dropped by 26.0\u00b0C, 11.2\u00b0C (deep hypothermia), and 1.0\u00b0C (mild hypothermia), respectively. The highest rewarming rate was detected in group 1 (0.9\u00b0C\/min) compared with group 2 (0.7\u00b0C\/min) and group 3 (0.2\u00b0C\/min). After 60 minutes of irrigation, retinal structural changes were detected in the animals of groups 1 and 2 (in contrast to the animals of group 3). After surgery with irrigation lasting 30 minutes, no retinal structural changes were observed. This study showed that temperature management, avoidance of intraoperative deep hypothermia, and prevention of rapid uncontrolled rewarming may protect the retinal morphology and increase the safety of prolonged vitreoretinal surgery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/ther.2022.0044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,24]],"date-time":"2023-02-24T14:02:03Z","timestamp":1677247323000},"page":"126-133","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Vitreoretinal Surgery with Temperature Management: A Preliminary Study in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Lukyan","family":"Anatychuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department, Institute of Thermoelectricity of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Chernivtsi, Ukraine."},{"name":"Department of Thermoelectricity, Yuriy Fedkovych 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