{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:59:37Z","timestamp":1791089977383,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of age- and ethnicity-specific thyrotropin (TSH) reference limits decreases misclassification of patients with thyroid dysfunction. Developing such limits requires TSH measurements in different subpopulations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We determined, in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, the TSH median, 2.5th and 97.5th centiles as a function of age, and anti-thyroid antibodies (ABs) in specific racial\/ethnic groups (REGs) designated as non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, and Mexican Americans, as classified by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Directive 15. We compared TSH limits of a thyroid disease-free population (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915,277) to a reference population (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913,344) formed by exclusion of AB+ subjects and TSH\u2009&gt;10\u2009mIU\/L or\u2009&lt;0.1\u2009mIU\/L. With quantile regression, we examined the effect of age, REG, gender, body weight, and urinary iodine concentration on TSH reference limits in the AB\u2212 population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AB status did not affect the 2.5th centile and median TSH in any REG or the 97.5th centile in Blacks. The average 97.5th centile of the disease-free Whites and Mexican Americans was 1.0\u2009mIU\/L higher than the reference population group. The TSH 2.5th, 50th, and 97.5th centiles increased with age and were lower in Blacks than in Whites or Mexican Americans. Women had lower 2.5th and 50th centiles than males. From these data, we developed equations to predict subpopulation-specific TSH reference limits.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides a method to determine TSH limits in individual patients of different ages, gender, and REG criteria whose AB status is uncertain and it will enable clinicians to better classify patients within their subpopulation-specific TSH reference range.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,8]],"date-time":"2010-11-08T08:09:01Z","timestamp":1289203741000},"page":"5-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":192,"title":["An Approach for Development of Age-, Gender-, and Ethnicity-Specific Thyrotropin Reference Limits"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Boucai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph G.","family":"Hollowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Kansas Medical Center"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin I.","family":"Surks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"},{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau Directive No. 15 Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting. http:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/wonder\/help\/populations\/bridged-race\/Directive15.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-1499"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03390.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2325"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1845"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/105072503321086962"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0455"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2004.047399"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2005.236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.2.8182"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"1971","article-title":"Plan and operation of the Health and Nutrition Examination, United States","volume":"1","author":"Miller H","year":"1973","unstructured":"Miller H. 1973. Plan and operation of the Health and Nutrition Examination, United States. Vital Health Stat, 1,(10a) and (10b):1971\u20131973.","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"1982","article-title":"Plan and operation of the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"1","author":"Statistics NCfH","year":"1985","unstructured":"Statistics NCfH. 1985. Plan and operation of the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vital Health Stat, 1:1982\u20131984.","journal-title":"Vital Health Stat"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","unstructured":"Gunter E Lewis BL Koncikowski SM. 1996. Laboratory methods used for the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) 1988\u20131994CDC ii-1; iv-1; vii-ll-1\u20139; vii-ii-1\u201314; viii-ll-1\u201311."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-0808"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2007.02820.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00321.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031706"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0236"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021592"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.81.4.505"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1990.00390160053012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000185475.61612.ea"}],"container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0092","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0092","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0092","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:45:28Z","timestamp":1777700728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0092"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/thy.2010.0092"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2010.0092","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-7256","1557-9077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-7256","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]}}}