{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:03:20Z","timestamp":1789758200704,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]],"date-time":"2011-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1293840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The scant data on ethnic differences in the prevalence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) have generally not taken etiology of CH into account. Our hypothesis is that the prevalence of CH due to thyroid dysgenesis (TD) varies by ethnicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This case\u2013control study included all patients with CH due to TD (a condition of unknown origin) or to dyshormonogenesis (DH, of known autosomal recessive transmission) between 1987 and 2009. Etiology was established by\n                      <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>\n                      Tc scintigraphy. The parents self-assessed their ethnicity, which we grouped in Caucasian, Hispanic, black, Asian, and Maghreb\/Middle East. We compared ethnicity between the 190 patients with TD (147 ectopies, 40 athyreoses, and 3 orthotopic hypoplasias) and the 44 patients with DH. Ethnicity was also compared to the reference population of the city of Montreal. Prevalence odds ratios (POR) were calculated and compared by the bilateral Fisher's exact test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ethnic composition of the DH group was similar to that of the reference population. In blacks, TD prevalence of 1 in 190 (0.5%) was low compared to that of DH (4 in 44; 9.1%; POR 0.06; 95% confidence interval: 0.001\u20130.56;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.005). In contrast, Caucasians showed an increased TD prevalence of 166 in 190 (87.3%) compared to that of DH (30 in 44; 68.2%; POR 3.21; 95% confidence interval: 1.37\u20137.34;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0052). No statistically significant differences were observed between other ethnic groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TD is less prevalent in blacks and more prevalent in Caucasians. Blacks being more genetically diverse, this is an argument for an oligogenic inheritance of susceptibility to TD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,8]],"date-time":"2010-11-08T07:58:27Z","timestamp":1289203107000},"page":"13-18","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Variation by Ethnicity in the Prevalence of Congenital Hypothyroidism Due to Thyroid Dysgenesis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Stoppa-Vaucher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Van Vliet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Delado\u00eby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-0527"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1029","volume-title":"The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text","author":"Van Vliet G","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Vliet G. 2005. Hypothyroidism in infants and children. Bravermann LE, , Utiger RD. The Thyroid: A Fundamental and Clinical Text, 9th. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: New York, 1029\u20131047.","edition":"9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.5.7501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2001-011995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2320"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000106818"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1370356"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80027-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","first-page":"531","article-title":"Birth prevalence of primary congenital hypothyroidism by sex and ethnicity","volume":"64","author":"Lorey FW","year":"1992","unstructured":"Lorey FW, , Cunningham GC. 1992. Birth prevalence of primary congenital hypothyroidism by sex and ethnicity. Hum Biol, 64:531\u2013538.","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9926(200007)62:1<36::AID-TERA8>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.63.7.790"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","first-page":"222","article-title":"Outcome of severe congenital hypothyroidism: closing the developmental gap with early high dose levothyroxine treatment","volume":"81","author":"Dubuis JM","year":"1996","unstructured":"Dubuis JM, , Glorieux J, , Richer F, , Deal CL, , Dussault JH, , Van Vliet G. 1996. Outcome of severe congenital hypothyroidism: closing the developmental gap with early high dose levothyroxine treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 81:222\u2013227.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","unstructured":"Team RDC. 2006. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. 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