{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:20:54Z","timestamp":1777940454745,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Riedel's thyroiditis (RT) is a very rare chronic fibrosing disorder of unknown etiology that is often associated with multifocal fibrosclerosis (MFS). Immunoglobulin (Ig) G4\u2013related sclerosing disease (IgG4-RSD), a new clinico-pathological entity also associated with MFS, is characterized by IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration and fibrosis in one or more organs. Although the association of RT and IgG4-RSD has been suggested, it has seldom been studied or reported. We report a classical case of RT with serological (IgG4 levels) and immunohistochemical (IgG and IgG4) assessment, in search of an underlying IgG4-RSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The patient was a 57-year-old woman who underwent a subtotal thyroidectomy for a long-standing goiter with a rapidly enlarging isthmic nodule.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed all of the morphological features of RT and IgG4-RSD, including partial fibrosis of the thyroid gland with destruction of the thyroid follicular architecture; obliterative phlebitis; and a mixed infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, eosinophils, and plasma cells. The fibro-inflammatory process extended beyond the thyroid capsule into the surrounding tissues. Immunohistochemical examination revealed approximately 70 IgG4+ plasma cells per high power field (HPF) with an IgG4\/IgG ratio of 35%. Although serum levels of IgG4 were normal (20\u2009mg\/dL), total IgG levels were slightly elevated (1370\u2009mg\/dL). There was no evidence of involvement of other organs at the time of RT diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The morphological similarities between RT and IgG4-RSD suggest that these entities are closely related. Therefore, RT with increased IgG4+ plasma cells, with or without elevated IgG4 serum levels, may represent the first clinical manifestation of an underlying IgG4-RSD. However, due to the rarity of both conditions and the limited specificity and sensitivity of both IgG4 serum levels and IgG\/IgG4 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of IgG4-RSD, further studies are needed to verify this hypothesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T11:08:40Z","timestamp":1343128120000},"page":"964-968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Riedel's Thyroiditis with Increased IgG4 Plasma Cells: Evidence for an Underlying IgG4-Related Sclerosing Disease?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Marc","family":"Pusztaszeri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geneva University Hospital","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederic","family":"Triponez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geneva University Hospital","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Claude","family":"Pache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geneva University Hospital","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Bongiovanni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pathology","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-0617"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)64789-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2010.0453"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.20215"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0b013e3181ee63ce"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2010.085613"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2010.299"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2011.02661.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328341378c"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(92)90271-4"}],"container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/thy.2011.0404","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/thy.2011.0404","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/thy.2011.0404","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:50:24Z","timestamp":1777701024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/thy.2011.0404"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/thy.2011.0404"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2011.0404","relation":{},"ISSN":["1050-7256","1557-9077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1050-7256","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-9077","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}}}