{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:16:20Z","timestamp":1779927380765,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) has been associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in some, but not all, studies. Uncertainty remains regarding the impact of levothyroxine (LT4) therapy on improving health outcomes in pregnant women with SCH. The objective of this study was to assess the potential benefits of LT4 therapy in pregnant women with SCH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The medical records were reviewed of pregnant women with SCH, defined as an elevated serum thyrotropin (TSH) of &gt;2.5\u2009mIU\/L for the 1st trimester or &gt;3\u2009mIU\/L for the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, but \u226410\u2009mIU\/L. Pregnant women were divided into two groups depending on whether they received LT4 (group A) or not (group B). Pregnancy loss and other pre-specified adverse outcomes were evaluated during follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were 82 women in group A and 284 in group B. Group A had a higher body mass index (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04) and a higher serum TSH level (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) compared with group B. Group A had fewer pregnancies lost (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20095 [6.1%] vs.\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200925 [8.8%];\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.12), low birth weight (LBW) offspring (1.3% vs. 10%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and no neonates with a five-minute Apgar score \u22647 (0% vs. 7%;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) compared with group B. Other pregnancy-related adverse outcomes were similar between the two groups. Inferences remained unchanged after considering different models to adjust for potential predictors of outcome.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>LT4 therapy is associated with a decreased risk of LBW and a low Apgar score among women with SCH. This association awaits confirmation in randomized trials before the widespread use of LT4 therapy in pregnant women with SCH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,25]],"date-time":"2016-04-25T21:56:47Z","timestamp":1461621407000},"page":"980-986","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Effects of Levothyroxine Therapy on Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Spyridoula","family":"Maraka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naykky M.","family":"Singh Ospina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derek T.","family":"O'Keeffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"National University of Ireland","place":["Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rene","family":"Rodriguez-Gutierrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Autonomous University of Nuevo Leon","place":["Mexico"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana E.","family":"Espinosa De Ycaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Il","family":"Wi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young J.","family":"Juhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Charles C.","family":"Coddington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor M.","family":"Montori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"},{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius N.","family":"Stan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mayo Clinic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2011.0087"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0340"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000152345.99421.22"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318240de6a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1193"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109364"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181788dd7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1904"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1520"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-009-1105-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h4726"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2015.0418"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2803"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-2038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-1674"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000175836.41390.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-011-9572-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","first-page":"CD007752","article-title":"Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy","volume":"5","author":"Reid SM","year":"2013","unstructured":"Reid SM, , Middleton P, , Cossich MC, , Crowther CA, , Bain E. 2013. Interventions for clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism pre-pregnancy and during pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 5:CD007752.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2009"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","first-page":"322","article-title":"Effects of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism on obstetrical outcomes during early pregnancy","volume":"35","author":"Wang S","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang S, , Teng WP, , Li JX, , Wang WW, , Shan ZY. 2012. Effects of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism on obstetrical outcomes during early pregnancy. 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