{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:35:11Z","timestamp":1789763711517,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>None of the current therapeutic approaches for management of Graves' disease has been able to re-establish normal thyroid function in all patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To describe the author's 35 years of personal experience in the management of Graves' hyperthyroidism and, in doing so, review current articles published on the long-term medical treatment of hyperthyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All published articles related to \u22654 years of continuous antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment were searched. Findings were added and compared with studies published by the authors on the same topic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term ATD treatment is effective and safe, both in children and adults, for treatment of hyperthyroidism. Treatment of Graves' patients with ATDs &gt;60 months causes euthyroidism up to 4 years after discontinuation of ATDs in the majority of patients. Long-term ATD therapy is not inferior to radioiodine therapy and may sometimes even be superior in some aspects, when considering serum lipid profile, cardiac function, mood, and cognition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long-term ATD therapy for Graves' hyperthyroidism is efficient and safe and induces control of hyperthyroidism, without rendering the patient hypothyroid in the majority of patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T07:51:09Z","timestamp":1586245869000},"page":"1451-1457","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Long-Term Treatment of Hyperthyroidism with Antithyroid Drugs: 35 Years of Personal Clinical Experience"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Fereidoun","family":"Azizi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1994.4.313"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2998(96)80020-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-2802"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1991.1.129"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0222"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2019.0132"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0229"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2009.01.009"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1555759"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1997.7.369"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2019.34.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1979.03300220020015"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01904"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","first-page":"477","article-title":"Long-term continuous methimazole or radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism","volume":"15","author":"Azizi F","year":"2012","unstructured":"Azizi F, , Yousefi V, , Sheikholeslami F, , Tohidi M. 2012. 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