{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T02:32:26Z","timestamp":1793932346447,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":239,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An ENDO-European Reference Network (ERN) initiative was launched that was endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European Society for Endocrinology with 22 participants from the ENDO-ERN and the two societies. The aim was to update the practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of congenital hypothyroidism (CH). A systematic literature search was conducted to identify key articles on neonatal screening, diagnosis, and management of primary and central CH. The evidence-based guidelines were graded with the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, describing both the strength of recommendations and the quality of evidence. In the absence of sufficient evidence, conclusions were based on expert opinion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Summary:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The recommendations include the various neonatal screening approaches for CH as well as the etiology (also genetics), diagnostics, treatment, and prognosis of both primary and central CH. When CH is diagnosed, the expert panel recommends the immediate start of correctly dosed levothyroxine treatment and frequent follow-up including laboratory testing to keep thyroid hormone levels in their target ranges, timely assessment of the need to continue treatment, attention for neurodevelopment and neurosensory functions, and, if necessary, consulting other health professionals, and education of the child and family about CH. Harmonization of diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up will optimize patient outcomes. Lastly, all individuals with CH are entitled to a well-planned transition of care from pediatrics to adult medicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This consensus guidelines update should be used to further optimize detection, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of children with all forms of CH in the light of the most recent evidence. It should be helpful in convincing health authorities of the benefits of neonatal screening for CH. Further epidemiological and experimental studies are needed to understand the increased incidence of this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2020.0333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,3]],"date-time":"2020-12-03T23:00:57Z","timestamp":1607036457000},"page":"387-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":427,"title":["Congenital Hypothyroidism: A 2020\u20132021 Consensus Guidelines Update\u2014An ENDO-European Reference Network Initiative Endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and the European Society for Endocrinology"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Paul","family":"van Trotsenburg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 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Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Cassio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Medical &amp; Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Heinrichs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, H\u00f4pital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronique","family":"Beauloye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d'Endocrinologie P\u00e9diatrique, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Universit\u00e9 Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Pohlenz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical School, Mainz, Germany."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrice","family":"Rodien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Rares de la Thyro\u00efde et des R\u00e9cepteurs Hormonaux, Service EDN, CHU d'Angers, Institut MITOVASC, Universit\u00e9 d'Angers, Angers, France."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regis","family":"Coutant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 d' Endocrinologie Diabetologie P\u00e9diatrique and Centre des Maladies Rares de la R\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 Hormonale, CHU-Angers, Angers, 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