{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T15:38:17Z","timestamp":1791041897298,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"\n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n Pediatric Graves' disease (GD) is associated with hyperthyroid symptoms that impact psychosocial and physical functioning. Total thyroidectomy (TT) is a definitive treatment option that replaces antithyroid medication. While studies have examined health-related quality of life (QOL) in adults, there are no data describing impacts of TT in pediatrics. In this prospective longitudinal study, we explored the impact of TT on disease-specific QOL and satisfaction with TT and scar appearance in adolescent patients with GD undergoing TT.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Patients 12\u201319 years old pursuing TT for GD and their parents were recruited to complete surveys before and at least 6 months after TT. Surveys assessed motivations for pursuing TT, QOL, perceived stigmatization, self-esteem, scar appearance, and surgery satisfaction. Paired scores were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and subscore associations were assessed using Spearman association tests.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty-seven patient\u2013parent dyads completed baseline surveys, including 20 patient\u2013parent dyads completing pre- and post-TT surveys. At baseline, patients reported physical and cognitive symptomology, including tiredness, anxiety, and emotional susceptibility through\n ThyPRO<\/jats:italic>\n . Psychosocial functioning at school was low through\n PedsQL<\/jats:italic>\n . Disease-specific QOL significantly improved after TT, with notable improvements associated with resolution of goiter (\n median change\u2009=\u2009\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 26.14\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.003), hyperthyroid symptoms (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\n \u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 43.75,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002), tiredness (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\n \u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 26.79\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.017), cognitive impairment (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\n \u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 14.58\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.035), anxiety (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\n \u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 33.33,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.010), and emotional susceptibility (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\n \u2212<\/jats:italic>\n 28.99\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.035). Physical (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200918.75\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.005) and school-related functioning (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200930.00\n , p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.002) also significantly improved post-TT. Reported GD-associated eye symptomology (thyroid eye disease) was the second lowest scoring\n ThyPRO<\/jats:italic>\n subscore at baseline and improved after surgery (\n median change<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200914.06,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.03). Families reported median recovery by two months, high satisfaction with the outcomes of TT, and minimal concerns over scar appearance. No permanent surgical complications (i.e., recurrent laryngeal nerve damage or hypoparathyroidism) were sustained.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n In the setting of a high-volume surgeon with low complication rates, TT for GD in pediatric populations may have substantial beneficial effects on disease-specific QOL and psychosocial functioning, with minimal adverse complaints about scar appearance.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2022.0334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T02:25:12Z","timestamp":1666059912000},"page":"1519-1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Impact of Definitive Surgery for Graves' Disease on Adolescent Disease-Specific Quality of Life and Psychosocial Functioning"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Stephen","family":"Halada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia A.","family":"Baran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Isaza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7927-6071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tasleema","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Sisko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Kazahaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. Scott","family":"Adzick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric General, Thoracic and Fetal Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William R.","family":"Katowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leanne","family":"Magee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania , USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3952-881X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Thyroid Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2014.19.3.122"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-0898"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2016.0229"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.a2021.0092"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ETJ-21-0073"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2012.0612"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2013.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2014.0433"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2005.15.1279"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1510549"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2021.0285"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2018.0315"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.1998.8.653"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2011.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2014.26.6.693"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_17_2","first-page":"e43","article-title":"A review of scar scales and scar measuring devices","volume":"10","author":"Fearmonti R","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fearmonti R, , Bond J, , Erdmann D, et al. 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