{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:02:33Z","timestamp":1780034553901,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Thyroid\u00ae"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thyroid hormones (THs) are essential endocrine hormones that play key roles in individual\u2019s growth and development. There is limited knowledge about the association between maternal TH concentrations variations with normal thyroid function during pregnancy and offspring\u2019s glycolipid metabolism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1130 mother\u2013child pairs from the Ma\u2019anshan birth cohort were included in this prospective study. Maternal TH levels and thyroid peroxidase antibodies were measured in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy during the childhood follow-up period. Fasting venous blood was collected from children at 4\u20136 years of age and glycolipid metabolic indicators were assayed. Analyses were performed using Binary logistic regression models, linear regression models, and Generalized linear regression model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal TH trajectories were fitted via latent category growth models. During the 1st trimester of pregnancy, maternal T3 and free thyroxine (fT4) levels were positively associated with children\u2019s blood glucose levels (\u03b2 = 0.007 [CI 0.028\u20130.181]; \u03b2 = 0.022 [CI 0.004\u20130.040]), whereas high levels of fT4 may be associated with decreased risk of children\u2019s hypercholesterolemia (OR = 0.870 [CI 0.768\u20130.986]). Maternal T4 concentrations during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy were negatively associated with children\u2019s cholesterol levels (\u03b2 = \u22120.002 [CI \u22120.003\u20130.00]). High maternal TH levels were associated with high fasting glucose level and low low-density lipoprotein concentrations in children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Maternal TH dynamic variations may be associated with glycolipid metabolism in preschoolers, even when women do not have clinically diagnosed thyroid disorders. The exact associations between maternal THs in specific trimesters of pregnancy under normal thyroid function conditions and glycolipid metabolism in offspring require further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2024.0334","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:27:21Z","timestamp":1741350441000},"page":"444-456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association Between Maternal Thyroid Hormone Concentration with Normal Thyroid Function During Pregnancy and Preschoolers\u2019 Glycolipid Metabolism: A Birth Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Wenjin","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China."},{"name":"Ministry of Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of Population 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Education of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle (Anhui Medical University), Hefei, China."},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Hefei, China."},{"name":"Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health Across the Life Courset, Hefei, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guopeng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Center in Ma\u2019anshan, Ma\u2019anshan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuangqin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maternal and Child Health Center in Ma\u2019anshan, Ma\u2019anshan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangbiao","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 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