{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:29:38Z","timestamp":1793046578151,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Transgender Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The purpose of the study was to provide initial evidence for the internal consistency and convergent validity of the nine-item avoidant\/restrictive food intake disorder screen (NIAS) in a sample of transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) youth and young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Returning patients at a Midwestern gender clinic (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      =164) ages 12\u201323 completed the NIAS, sick, control, one stone, fat, food (SCOFF), patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), and generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD-7) during their clinic visit. Age, sex assigned at birth, gender identity, weight, and height were also collected. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to establish the hypothesized three-factor structure of the NIAS in this sample. Relationships between the NIAS subscales and anthropometric data, SCOFF, PHQ-9, GAD-7, and sex assigned at birth were explored for convergent and divergent validity, and proposed screening cutoff scores were used to identify the prevalence of likely avoidant\/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in this population.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The three-factor structure of the NIAS was an excellent fit to the current data. Approximately one in five (22%) of the participants screened positive for ARFID. Approximately one in four participants scored above the picky eating (27.4%) or appetite (23.9%) cutoffs. Assigned female at birth participants scored significantly higher on the NIAS-Total, Appetite, and Fear subscales than those assigned male at birth. NIAS-Total was significantly related to all convergent validity variables other than age, with a moderate-strong correlation with other symptom screeners (SCOFF, PHQ-9, GAD-7), and a small negative correlation with body mass index percentile.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence supports the NIAS as a valid measure to screen for ARFID among TGNB youth and young adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2021.0021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T10:26:35Z","timestamp":1640168795000},"page":"159-167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Validation of the Nine-Item Avoidant\/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Screen Among Transgender and Nonbinary Youth and Young Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hana F.","family":"Zickgraf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah K.","family":"Garwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher B.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Giedinghagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamie L.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Transgender Center at St. Louis Children's Hospital, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5939-250X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Whitney R.","family":"Linsenmeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. 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