{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:21:55Z","timestamp":1790968915804,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ixodes scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Say) is the vector for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) the causative agent of Lyme disease (LD). The increased number and presence of ticks in the environment pose a significant health risk to people and many domestic animals including dogs, cats, and horses. This study characterized the distribution and expansion of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    and identified areas of increased risk of LD transmission in Indiana using geographical information systems (GIS) and spatial analysis. A cross-sectional sampling was performed for 3 consecutive years (2005\u20132007). A total of 3,412 harvested white-tailed deer (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Odocoileus virginianus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were searched for ticks at Department of Natural Resources manned deer check-in stations. Hunters were asked for verbal permission to search the deer and to indicate on a road atlas where the deer was killed. All deer points were digitized into a GIS database. Identification of clustering in space and time for these organisms was performed using geostatistical software. Multiple spatial clusters of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infested deer were identified in western Indiana.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    was isolated from tick pools in 11 counties. In addition to the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. scapularis<\/jats:italic>\n                    clusters, one spatial cluster of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bb<\/jats:italic>\n                    -infected ticks was identified. Our current survey results and cluster analysis indicate that the western geographic regions of Indiana should be considered by the healthcare community to be at increased risk of LD compared with the rest of Indiana.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,9]],"date-time":"2009-03-09T11:22:32Z","timestamp":1236597752000},"page":"671-680","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Use of Harvested White-Tailed Deer (\n                    <i>Odocoileus virginianus<\/i>\n                    ) and Geographic Information System (GIS) Methods to Characterize Distribution and Locate Spatial Clusters of\n                    <i>Borrelia burgdorferi<\/i>\n                    and Its Vector\n                    <i>Ixodes scapularis<\/i>\n                    in Indiana"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Lisa M.","family":"Keefe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel H.","family":"Moro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Research Resources"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Vinasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansas State University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University School of Agriculture"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching C.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eran A.","family":"Raizman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.18.3.484-509.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","unstructured":"Aguilar S. Peromyscus leucopus white-footed mouse 2002. http:\/\/animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu\/site\/accounts\/information\/peromyscus_leucopus.html. 2008 August 12."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2193\/0022-541X(2005)069[1099:MOFWDE]2.0.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6052"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Learn about Lyme Disease. http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncidod\/dvbid\/lyme\/. 2008 August 13."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"573","article-title":"Lyme Disease-United States 2003\u20132005. CDC, Atlanta, GA","volume":"56","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2007","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Lyme Disease-United States 2003\u20132005. CDC, Atlanta, GA. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep, 2007; 56:573\u2013576.","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","unstructured":"Cortinas MR. Investigations of white-tailed deer infestation by Ixodes scapularis on the Illinois River USA. PhD Dissertation. Champaign-Urbana IL: University of Illinois 2007."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1438-4221(02)80003-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/43.5.810"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","volume-title":"Managing White-Tailed Deer in Suburban Environments: A Technical Guide","author":"DeNicola AJ","year":"2000","unstructured":"DeNicola AJ, , VerCauteren KC, , Curtis PD, , Hygnstrom SE. Managing White-Tailed Deer in Suburban Environments: A Technical Guide. Ithaca, NY: Cornell Cooperative Extension, the Wildlife Society, and the NE Wildlife Damage Cooperative, 2000."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","unstructured":"Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Indiana Deer Season Summary 2005. http:\/\/www.in.gov\/dnr\/fishwild\/fw-DeerSeasonSummary2005.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","unstructured":"Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Indiana Deer Season Summary 2006. www.in.gov\/dnr\/fishwild\/fw-2006_Deer_Season_Report-new.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","unstructured":"Department of Natural Resources (DNR). Indiana Deer Season Summary 2007. www.in.gov\/dnr\/fishwild\/fw-2007_Deer_Season_Report.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2005.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/36.3.376"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0803.010166"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780140809"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","unstructured":"Mitchell J. EHD outbreak continues to spread 2007. www.in.gov\/dnr\/files\/ehd.pdf. 2009 February 2."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1991.44.135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-072X-3-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.1998.tb01500.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/34.1.52"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1997.57.589"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_1","unstructured":"Pinger RR. 2005. Survey of Indiana Deer for Ixodes scapularis ticks: 2005 Final Report. www.bsu.edu\/physiology-health\/entomology_lab\/clearinghouse\/. 2009 February 2."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/26.2.130"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/28.5.745"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_1","unstructured":"Pinger RR Seddigh-Zadeh A. 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