{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T18:21:52Z","timestamp":1784830912045,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]],"date-time":"2010-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1288569600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This is the first report on the presence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hepatozoon canis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Vulpes vulpes<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Italy. During the years 2005 and 2006, a total of 119 foxes were collected and their spleen tissues were screened by microscopy, polymerase chain reaction, and sequencing. In the same area, 290 ticks were picked off from dogs or collected from the environment. Microscopy detected inclusion bodies regarded as belonging to the genus\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hepatozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    in four samples, whereas molecular diagnostics evidenced 16 foxes (13.4%) and 6 ticks (2.1%) positive to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. canis.<\/jats:italic>\n                    The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. canis<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates we found in foxes, compared with the strains we previously detected in dogs from the same area and with the strains found in foxes from other European countries, show a certain genetic heterogeneity. In fact, seven isolates cluster with the Italian dog strain and nine isolates cluster with the fox strain found in Spain and Slovakia; moreover, the dog's strain is closely related to one tick's isolate, and the strain found in three\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rhipicephalus sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and in one\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ixodes ricinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    collected from the environment cluster with the aforementioned Spanish and Slovak fox strains. Our findings confirm the importance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. sanguineus<\/jats:italic>\n                    as final host and suggest that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">I. ricinus<\/jats:italic>\n                    might also be implicated in parasite transmission, explaining in that way the occurrence of hepatozoonosis in areas considered\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. sanguineus-<\/jats:italic>\n                    free. The peridomestic habits of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">V. vulpes<\/jats:italic>\n                    and the increasing global temperature are expected to amplify the impact of this vector-borne disease and to enforce the transmission of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hepatozoon<\/jats:italic>\n                    to domestic animals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0182","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,26]],"date-time":"2010-04-26T22:44:09Z","timestamp":1272321849000},"page":"855-859","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["The First Report of\n                    <i>Hepatozoon canis<\/i>\n                    Identified in\n                    <i>Vulpes vulpes<\/i>\n                    and Ticks from Italy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Gabrielli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 \u201cSapienza\u201d","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Kumlien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist. Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Sezione Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Calderini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist. Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Sezione Rieti, Rieti, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Brozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ist. Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Sezione Viterbo, Viterbo, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albertina","family":"Iori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 \u201cSapienza\u201d","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Cancrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e0 \u201cSapienza\u201d","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"57","article-title":"Segnalazione di Hepatozoon canis in Sardegna","volume":"43","author":"Arru R","year":"1982","unstructured":"Arru R, , Pau S, , Leoni A. Segnalazione di Hepatozoon canis in Sardegna. 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