{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:48:45Z","timestamp":1777877325443,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]],"date-time":"2011-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1296518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Singapore reported its first locally acquired human\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Plasmodium knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in 2007, involving a soldier who had undergone training in a forested area where long-tailed macaques are frequently seen. Comprehensive disease surveillance and monitoring system that was set up after the initial case detected four additional human\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    cases in 2007 and one in 2008. All involved military personnel who had undergone training in the forested area, and none had traveled out of Singapore 1 month before the onset of symptoms. Screening for malaria parasites on blood obtained from long-tailed macaques revealed that wild monkeys (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20093) caught from the forested area were infected with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    , whereas peri-domestic monkeys (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200910) caught from a nature reserve park were not infected with any malaria parasites. Phylogenetic analysis of the nonrepeat region of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi csp<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes showed that the sequences obtained from the human cases were not distinct from those obtained from wild monkeys. Further, certain genotypes were shared between samples from humans and macaques. Our findings provide evidence that long-tailed macaques are the natural hosts of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Singapore and the human cases acquired their infection in the same vicinity where these monkeys are found. Further, the risk of acquiring\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection among the general population of Singapore is small as evident from the absence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. knowlesi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in peri-domestic monkeys.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,29]],"date-time":"2010-06-29T15:05:47Z","timestamp":1277823947000},"page":"131-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Molecular Epidemiological Investigation of\n                    <i>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/i>\n                    in Humans and Macaques in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Wong Pei Sze","family":"Jeslyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Environmental Agency","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tan Cheong","family":"Huat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Environmental Agency","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Vernon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li Mei Zhi","family":"Irene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Environmental Agency","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee Kim","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Environmental Agency","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lee Piao","family":"Jarrod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore Armed Forces Medical Corps","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balbir","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sarawak","place":["Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ng Lee","family":"Ching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Environmental Agency","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-8-15"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.149.3686.865.a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","volume-title":"The Primate Malarias","author":"Coatney GR","year":"1971","unstructured":"Coatney GR, , Collins WE, , Warren W, , Contacos PG. The Primate Malarias. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1971."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/524888"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1012.040293"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1409.080170"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","first-page":"301","article-title":"A study of monkey-malaria and its experimental transmission to man","volume":"67","author":"Knowles R","year":"1932","unstructured":"Knowles R, , Das Gupta BM. A study of monkey-malaria and its experimental transmission to man. Indian Med Gaz, 1932; 67:301\u2013320.","journal-title":"Indian Med Gaz"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1405.071407"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.21.11889"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1405.070863"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anopheline mosquitoes of Malaya and Borneo","volume":"31","author":"Reid JA","year":"1968","unstructured":"Reid JA. Anopheline mosquitoes of Malaya and Borneo. Studies from the Ins Med Res Malaysia: Staples Printing Limited, 1968; 31:1\u2013520.","journal-title":"Studies from the Ins Med Res Malaysia: Staples Printing Limited"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0085-56262005000500001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.687"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15836-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-7-52"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-1-26"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2006.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.134.3474.279"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(71)90103-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_1","first-page":"70","article-title":"Human natural infection of Plasmodium knowlesi","volume":"24","author":"Zhu HM","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhu HM, , Li J, , Zheng H. Human natural infection of Plasmodium knowlesi. Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi, 2006; 24:70\u201371(in Chinese).","journal-title":"Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:48:01Z","timestamp":1777589281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2010.0024","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,2]]}}}