{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T08:05:32Z","timestamp":1779437132130,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Anthrax is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . While anthrax is rare in developed countries, it is endemic in Turkey. The names of the different forms of the disease refer to the manner of entry of the spores into the body\u2014cutaneous, gastrointestinal, inhalation, and injection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, epidemiological history, treatment, and outcomes of patients with anthrax. Eighty-two cases of anthrax hospitalized at Atat\u00fcrk University Faculty of Medicine Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology in 2008\u20132014 were examined retrospectively. Gender, age, occupation, year, history, clinical characteristics, character of lesions, length of hospitalization, and outcomes were recorded. Thirty (36.6%) patients were female and 52 (63.4%) patients were male; ages were 18\u201369 and mean age was 43.77\u2009\u00b1\u200913.05. The mean incubation period was 4.79\u2009\u00b1\u20093.76 days. Cases were largely identified in August (41.5%) and September (25.6%). Sixty-nine (84.1%) of the 82 patients had been given antibiotics before presentation. Lesions were most common on the fingers and arms. The most common occupational groups were housewives (36.6%) and people working in animal husbandry (31.7%). All patients had histories of contact with diseased animals and animal products. Penicillin-group antibiotics (78%) were most commonly used in treatment. One patient (1.2%) died from anthrax meningitis. The mean length of hospitalization was 8.30\u2009\u00b1\u20095.36 days. Anthrax is an endemic disease of economic and social significance for the region. Effective public health control measures, risk group education, vaccination of animals, and decontamination procedures will reduce the number of cases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,31]],"date-time":"2015-12-31T09:16:45Z","timestamp":1451553405000},"page":"42-47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Human Cutaneous Anthrax, the East Anatolian Region of Turkey 2008\u20132014"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Emine","family":"Parlak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Atat\u00fcrk University Faculty of Medicine","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Parlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atat\u00fcrk University Faculty of Medicine","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2010.01214.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540210147679"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.551"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60573-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.9.896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-003-3169-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2010.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5336\/medsci.2008-10330"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.17.26.20204-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i1.20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of anthrax in Eastern Anatolia: A review of 39 cases","volume":"57","author":"Irmak H","year":"2003","unstructured":"Irmak H, , Buzgan T, , Karahocagil MK, , Sakarya N, et al. Cutaneous manifestations of anthrax in Eastern Anatolia: A review of 39 cases. Acta Med Okayama, 2003; 57:235\u2013240.","journal-title":"Acta Med Okayama"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","first-page":"657","article-title":"Retrospective review of the case of cutaneous anthrax-malignant pustule from 1995 in 15- year old girl","volume":"68","author":"Kajfasz P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kajfasz P, , Bartoszcze M, , Barkowski PK, , Basiak WB. Retrospective review of the case of cutaneous anthrax-malignant pustule from 1995 in 15- year old girl. Przegl Epidemiol, 2014; 68:657\u2013659.","journal-title":"Przegl Epidemiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(11)60109-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2008.02742.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-002-0704-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000335593"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2002.130522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","first-page":"2485","volume-title":"Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Lucey D","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lucey D. Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) In: Mandell GL, , Bennett JE, , Dolin R, eds. Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 6th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 2005:2485\u20132491.","edition":"6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7973702"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540110080610"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cimid.2012.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.03665.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Cutaneous anthrax patients in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: A review of 44 adult cases","volume":"42","author":"\u00d6zden K","year":"2012","unstructured":"\u00d6zden K, , \u00d6zkurt Z, , Erol S, , Uyan\u0131k MH, et al. Cutaneous anthrax patients in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey: A review of 44 adult cases. Turk J Med Sci, 2012; 42:39\u201345.","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050779"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15569527.2014.885530"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201102-0209CI"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T07:15:45Z","timestamp":1779434145000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2015.1835","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}}}