{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T05:12:16Z","timestamp":1789881136118,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Reaction of vertebrate serum complement with different\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    sensu lato species is used as a basis in determining reservoir hosts among domesticated and wild animals.\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                    sensu stricto,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia garinii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia afzelii<\/jats:italic>\n                    were tested for their sensitivity to sera of exotic vertebrate species housed in five zoos located in the Czech Republic. We confirmed that different\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    species have different sensitivity to host serum. We found that tolerance to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection possessed by hosts might differ among individuals of the same genera or species and is not affected by host age or sex. Of all zoo animals included in our study, carnivores demonstrated the highest apparent reservoir competency for Lyme borreliosis spirochetes. We showed that selected exotic ungulate species are tolerant to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. For the first time we showed the high tolerance of Siamese crocodile to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                    as compared to the other studied reptile species. While exotic vertebrates present a limited risk to the European human population as reservoirs for the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis, cases of incidental spillover infection could lead to successful replication of the pathogens in a new host, changing the status of selected exotic species and their role in pathogen emergence or maintenance. The question if being tolerant to pathogen means to be a competent reservoir host still needs an answer, simply because the majority of exotic animals might never be exposed to spirochetes in their natural environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2015.1847","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,19]],"date-time":"2016-01-19T15:54:05Z","timestamp":1453218845000},"page":"13-19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Sensitivity of Lyme Borreliosis Spirochetes to Serum Complement of Regular Zoo Animals: Potential Reservoir Competence of Some Exotic Vertebrates"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Lucie","family":"Ticha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Bohemia","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryna","family":"Golovchenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"James H.","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Coastal Plain Sciences","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libor","family":"Grubhoffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of South Bohemia","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"Institute of Parasitology","place":["Czech Republic"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataliia","family":"Rudenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology","place":["Czech Republic"]},{"name":"Institute for Coastal Plain Sciences","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2007.05895.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsim.2004.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1604318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","first-page":"155","article-title":"Role of grey squirrels and pheasants in the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the Lyme disease spirochaete, in the U.K","volume":"44","author":"Craine NG","year":"1997","unstructured":"Craine NG, , Nuttall PA, , Marriott AC, , Randolph SE. Role of grey squirrels and pheasants in the transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the Lyme disease spirochaete, in the U.K. Folia Parasitol (Praha), 1997; 44:155\u2013160.","journal-title":"Folia Parasitol (Praha)"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.3.602-608.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2013.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2008153244"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXVI. The mosaic of ixodid tick infestations on birds and mammals in the Mountain Zebra National Park","volume":"58","author":"Horak IG","year":"1991","unstructured":"Horak IG, , Fourie LJ, , Novellie PA, , Williams EJ. Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXVI. The mosaic of ixodid tick infestations on birds and mammals in the Mountain Zebra National Park. 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