{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:52:56Z","timestamp":1777877576690,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]],"date-time":"2017-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a protozoan parasite with both public health and veterinary importance. The aims of our study were to estimate the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seroprevalence in sheep in Latvia and to evaluate potential risk factors for seropositivity. The blood samples investigated were collected from 1039 sheep from 84 farms between January 2012 and April 2013. The sera were tested for immunoglobulin G antibodies against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies against\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    were detected in 179 (17.2%) of the sheep, and at least one seropositive sheep was found on 37 (44.0%) of the farms. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in adult (over 1 year old) sheep than in juveniles\u2014the adult sheep had 1.8 times higher odds to test seropositive than did the juveniles. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in Latvian Dark Headed sheep than in crossbreed and German Merino sheep. Sheep from large herds (with more than 100 sheep), as well as those from farms with cattle, had higher odds to test seropositive, whereas the presence of poultry on the farm appeared as a protecting factor. The results show that sheep in Latvia are commonly exposed to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,10]],"date-time":"2017-05-10T10:43:41Z","timestamp":1494413021000},"page":"478-482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    Infections in Sheep in Latvia: Latvian Dark Headed Sheep Breed Associated with Higher Seroprevalence"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Gunita","family":"Deksne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Safety","place":["Latvia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bettija","family":"Ligere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Safety","place":["Latvia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aija","family":"\u0160neidere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latvian Sheep Breeders Association","place":["Latvia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pikka","family":"Jokelainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Estonian University of Life Sciences","place":["Estonia"]},{"name":"University of Helsinki","place":["Finland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","first-page":"131","volume-title":"Vet Parasitol","author":"B\u00e1rtov\u00e1 E","year":"2009","unstructured":"B\u00e1rtov\u00e1 E, , Sedl\u00e1k K, , Liter\u00e1k I. Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep in the Czech Republic. Vet Parasitol, 2009; 161:131\u2013132."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-09352008000100006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-9-25"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","unstructured":"Dean AG Sullivan KM Soe MM. OpenEpi: Open Source Epidemiologic Statistics for Public Health. 2015. Available at www.openepi.com"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.02.026"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","first-page":"312","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans. Second Edition","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubey JP. Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans. Second Edition. Maryland: CRC Press, 2010:312."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"International Conference \u201cCurrent Issues in Veterinary Medicine\u201d Proceedings","author":"Egl\u012bte I","year":"2000","unstructured":"Egl\u012bte I, , Keid\u0101ns P. M\u0101jdz\u012bvnieku toksoplazmoze Latvija (in Latvian, with English abstract). International Conference \u201cCurrent Issues in Veterinary Medicine\u201d Proceedings, Jelgava, Latvia, 2000:45\u201349."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","first-page":"302","volume-title":"Multicriteria-Based Ranking for Risk Management of Food-Borne Parasites. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series","author":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\/World Health Organization. Multicriteria-Based Ranking for Risk Management of Food-Borne Parasites. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series, Vol. 23. 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Pol J Vet Sci, 2007; 10:83\u201387.","journal-title":"Pol J Vet Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(00)00124-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2007.02.019"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:55:30Z","timestamp":1777589730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2016.2003","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]}}}