{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T17:22:22Z","timestamp":1784395342317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rickettsia typhi<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rickettsia felis<\/jats:italic>\n                    are flea-borne pathogens, which cause murine typhus and flea-borne spotted fever, respectively. Recently, two other flea-borne rickettsiae (phylogenetically similar to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. felis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) have been discovered\u2014\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rickettsia asembonensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    Rickettsia senegalensis. Currently, species-specific identification of detected organisms requires sequencing- or probe-based PCR assays. Our aim was to develop an efficient and inexpensive method to differentiate\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. felis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. felis<\/jats:italic>\n                    -like organisms through restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. Outer membrane protein B sequences of the aforementioned flea-borne rickettsiae were analyzed using DNASTAR Lasergene Core software to focus on the region amplified by the primers 120.2788 and 120.3599. Restriction enzyme digestion sites were identified, and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                    digestions of each species were compared through simulated agarose gels. The enzyme\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nla<\/jats:italic>\n                    IV was determined to be the most effective at creating a unique banding pattern within the area of interest. To confirm the predicted performance of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nla<\/jats:italic>\n                    IV digestion, we tested the DNA of known PCR positive\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ctenocephalides felis<\/jats:italic>\n                    fleas collected from cats and opossums within Galveston, Texas. DNA from these fleas was amplified using the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">sca5<\/jats:italic>\n                    primer set 120.2788 and 120.3599. The PCR products were then digested with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Nla<\/jats:italic>\n                    IV, subjected to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and visualized through ethidium bromide staining. The banding patterns were then compared with the computer-generated digestion patterns. All samples demonstrated a banding pattern consistent with the predicted pattern for the known species, as confirmed by previous sequencing. This RFLP assay was developed to be an efficient and cost-effective method to screen samples for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">R. felis, R. asembonensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Candidatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    R. senegalensis. We believe this assay can aid in the epidemiological and ecological studies of flea-borne rickettsiae.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T10:31:21Z","timestamp":1556188281000},"page":"637-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Differentiation of\n                    <i>Rickettsia felis<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Rickettsia felis<\/i>\n                    -Like Organisms via Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Lucas S.","family":"Blanton","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bethany R.","family":"Quade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald H.","family":"Bouyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0303.970308"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjw179"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0197"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2018.2402"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0537"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40475-016-0070-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1123"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0160604"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2014.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2018.354.3646"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-50-4-1449"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/31.5.681"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/153036602321131869"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:58:35Z","timestamp":1777589915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2018.2428","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}}}