{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,21]],"date-time":"2026-06-21T07:51:35Z","timestamp":1782028295417,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]],"date-time":"2019-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection is prevalent in humans and animals worldwide. In the present study, a total of 612 serum samples were examined using indirect hemagglutination test (IHAT) for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Antibodies to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    were detected in 49 (8.0%, confidence interval [95% CI]: 5.9\u201310.2) serum samples (IHA titer \u22651:16). The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seroprevalence ranged from 4.4% (95% CI: 0\u201310.5) to 14.3% (95% CI: 0\u201340.2) among different regions in Hunan province of subtropical China. The highest seroprevalence was found in breeding sows (18.8%). The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seroprevalence was higher in winter (18.3%, 95% CI: 8.5\u201328.1) and spring (10.9%, 95% CI: 5.7\u201316.1) than in summer (6.4%, 95% CI: 2.8\u201310.1) and autumn (4.9%, 95% CI: 2.2\u20137.7), and the differences were statistically significant excepting summer. In addition, developmental stage and season were identified as risk factors for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. Our findings revealed the seroprevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    in growth stages of pigs in the Hunan province of subtropical China, indicating that it may cause public health and economic problems. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the comprehensive survey of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    seroprevalence in pigs in the Hunan province of subtropical China.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,17]],"date-time":"2019-07-17T11:42:57Z","timestamp":1563363777000},"page":"945-949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of\n                    <i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>\n                    Infection in Growth Stages of Pigs in Hunan Province, Subtropical China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Yu-Gui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin-Ze","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Run-Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."},{"name":"Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-Ping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."},{"name":"Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Veterinary Drugs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Hua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Engineering in Animal Vaccines, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China."},{"name":"Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/12-102.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2018.2438"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24361-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182015001870"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2009.05.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans","author":"Dubey JP","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dubey JP. Toxoplasmosis of Animals and Humans, 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2010:1\u2013313.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1981.42.09.1624"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1976.169.09.901"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1975.24.439"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.11.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2016.2165"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","first-page":"244","article-title":"A serological survey of the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs and cats in Saudi Arabia","volume":"38","author":"Hossain A","year":"1986","unstructured":"Hossain A, , Bolbol AS, , Bakir TM, , Bashandi AM. A serological survey of the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs and cats in Saudi Arabia. Trop Geogr Med, 1986; 38:244\u2013245.","journal-title":"Trop Geogr Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11250-009-9393-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2013.1686"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.17-0677"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Serological investigation of toxoplasmosis in some areas of Jiangsu province","volume":"40","author":"Kong M","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kong M, , Bai J, , Ding ZY, , Liu MJ, et al. Serological investigation of toxoplasmosis in some areas of Jiangsu province. Jiangsu Agric Sci, 2012; 40:171\u2013173. (In Chinese)","journal-title":"Jiangsu Agric Sci"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-015-0809-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2989.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-5837-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_24_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Longitudinal study on the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in four German pig breeding and raising farms","volume":"118","author":"Schulzig HS","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schulzig HS, , Fehlhaber K. Longitudinal study on the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in four German pig breeding and raising farms. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 2005; 118:399\u2013403.","journal-title":"Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2646.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_28_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"A serological investigation of toxoplasmosis in pigs in Huangzhong county","volume":"29","author":"Wang HX","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wang HX. A serological investigation of toxoplasmosis in pigs in Huangzhong county. China Anim Health Insp, 2012b; 29:44\u201345. (In Chinese)","journal-title":"China Anim Health Insp"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2012.09.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-5-35"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2016.2103"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2912.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_33_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Serological investigation and analysis of toxoplasmosis of pigs in Guiyang area","volume":"46","author":"Xiao FP","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiao FP, , Yu B, , Shi KZ, , Yang YK, et al. Serological investigation and analysis of toxoplasmosis of pigs in Guiyang area. Anim Hus Vet Med, 2014; 46:86\u201388 (In Chinese)","journal-title":"Anim Hus Vet Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_34_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs in Jilin Province, Northeastern China","volume":"32","author":"Xu P","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xu P, , Cai YN, , Leng X, , Wang J, et al. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs in Jilin Province, Northeastern China. Trop Biomed, 2015; 32:116\u2013120.","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_35_1","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sows in Hunan province, China","volume":"2014","author":"Xu Y","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xu Y, , Li RC, , Liu GH, , Cong W, et al. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in sows in Hunan province, China. ScientificWorldJournal, 2014; 2014:347908.","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2713.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_37_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Serological survey on Toxoplasma gondii infection in Changsha","volume":"11","author":"Zeng XF","year":"1986","unstructured":"Zeng XF, , Shu HP, , Li WZ, , Luo XS. Serological survey on Toxoplasma gondii infection in Changsha. Bull Hunan Med Coll, 1986; 11:43\u201345. (In Chinese)","journal-title":"Bull Hunan Med Coll"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-2416.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2009.06.002"}],"container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:58:52Z","timestamp":1777589932000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/vbz.2019.2464","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-3667","1557-7759"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-3667","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7759","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,27]]}}}