{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:11:44Z","timestamp":1787008304695,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    A cross sectional sero-epidemiological study was conducted on cattle in a communal farming area adjacent to Kruger National Park at a wildlife-livestock interface in South Africa. A total of 184 cattle were screened for exposure to 5 abortifacient or zoonotic pathogens, namely\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Coxiella burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chlamydophila abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neospora caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. In addition, the virus neutralization test was used to confirm the presence of antibodies to RVFV. The seroprevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and RVFV antibodies was 38.0%, 32.6%, 20.7%, 1.6%, and 0.5%, respectively, and varied between locations (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Seroprevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    was highly clustered by location (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]\u2009=\u20090.57), and that of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    moderately so (ICC\u2009=\u20090.11). Seroprevalence was not associated with sex or age for any pathogen, except for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , for which seroprevalence was positively associated with age (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.01). The predominant mixed infections were\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    (15.2%) and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (13.0%). The serological detection of the five abortifacient pathogens in cattle indicates the potential for economic losses to livestock farmers, health impacts to domestic animals, transmission across the livestock-wildlife interface, and the risk of zoonotic transmission. This is the first documentation of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. gondii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in cattle in South Africa, while exposure to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. burnetii<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. abortus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N. caninum<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections is being reported for the first time in cattle in a wildlife-livestock interface in the country.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2019.2519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T18:04:21Z","timestamp":1576519461000},"page":"258-267","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Sero-Epidemiological Study of Selected Zoonotic and Abortifacient Pathogens in Cattle at a Wildlife-Livestock Interface in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Abiodun A.","family":"Adesiyun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."},{"name":"Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darryn L.","family":"Knobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."},{"name":"Center for Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter N.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."},{"name":"Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Wentzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."},{"name":"Hans Hoheisen Wildlife Research Station, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis B.","family":"Kolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agatha O.","family":"Kolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Conan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St. Kitts and Nevis."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory J.G.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."},{"name":"Centre for Veterinary Wildlife Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/jsava.v78i3.301"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5402\/2013\/947347"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.07.033"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.5920"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.07.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0293","article-title":"Risk factors for severe Rift Valley fever infection in Kenya, 2007","volume":"83","author":"Anyangu AS","year":"2010","unstructured":"Anyangu AS, , Gould LH, , Sharif SK, , Nguku PM, et al. 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