{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:36:56Z","timestamp":1783359416704,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]],"date-time":"2021-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Parasitic diarrheal disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the developing world. Calves are highly susceptible to\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. infection that resulted in diarrhea, growth retardation, and weight loss, and was one of the most common enteropathogens. It is especially difficult for molecular detection of calves with inapparent or subclinical infections of cryptosporidiosis. In view of this, this study established a real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) detection method to clarify its epidemic characteristics, based on\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    18S rRNA gene with the 150\u2009bp product length to investigate the infection of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in northeastern China The standard curve equation is Ct\u2009=\u2009\u22122.91\u2009\u00d7\u2009lg (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. copies) +10.18, with better sensitivity, stability, and reproducibility. A total of 148 out of 425 fecal samples (34.82%) were detected\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    positive with RT-qPCR, including (36.11%) in Heilongjiang province (29.60%), (29.6%) in Jilin province, and (37.50%) in Liaoning province. The infection prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium ryanae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium andersoni<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium bovis<\/jats:italic>\n                    from calves in order from high to low was 14.35% (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.2\u201318.1), 6.12 (95% CI, 4.0\u20138.8), 2.35 (95% CI, 1.1\u20134.3), and 0.47 (95% CI, 0.1\u20131.7), respectively, suggesting\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                    was the predominant species in calves in northeastern China. Using 60-kDa glycoprotein gp60 gene, all of the 61\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. parvum-positive<\/jats:italic>\n                    specimens were further precisely confirmed to IIdA19G1 subtype. This suggested that IIdA19G1 subtype of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">C. parvum<\/jats:italic>\n                    could threaten to cause diarrhea calves from notheastern China (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The prevalence of 34.82% (148\/425) using RT-qPCR had a significant difference compared with the prevalence of nested-PCR (23.29%) and microscopic examination (3.76%). The findings improved the epidemiological knowledge of calves infected with cryptosporidiosis in China, highlighting the importance of ongoing\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n                    surveillance.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2020.2674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T17:30:55Z","timestamp":1606843855000},"page":"179-190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Development of a Quantitative Real-Time PCR Assay for Detection of\n                    <i>Cryptosporidium<\/i>\n                    spp. Infection and Threatening Caused by\n                    <i>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/i>\n                    Subtype IIdA19G1 in Diarrhea Calves from Northeastern China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yanchun","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baihui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Medicine, Shangdong Vocational Animal Science and Veterinary University, Weifang, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songling","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-013-0353-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-006-0164-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-018-5818-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0290023"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1410.071273"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2018.1500457"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-014-0529-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-013-3319-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3310-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2017.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00144-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268812001665"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-007-0681-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.2.416-418.1995"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06482-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182018001129"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-009-1457-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06366-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","article-title":"Molecular 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Molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium isolates from diarrheal dairy calves in France. 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Cryptosporidium-associated diarrhoea in neonatal calves in Algeria. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports, 2018; 12:78\u201384.","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-008-1008-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2015.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182014001085"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01796-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/503189a"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_36_1","first-page":"1243","article-title":"The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in Turkish children, and genotyping of isolates by nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism","volume":"28","author":"Tamer GS","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tamer GS, , Turk M, , Dagci H, , Pektas B, et al. The prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in Turkish children, and genotyping of isolates by nested polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. 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Distribution and genetic characterizations of Cryptosporidium spp. in pre-weaned dairy calves in Northeastern China's Heilongjiang Province. PLoS One, 2013; 8:e54857.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-015-4537-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_47_1","article-title":"Genotyping Cryptosporidium andersoni in cattle in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China","volume":"8","author":"Zhao GH","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhao GH, , Ren WX, , Gao M, , Bian QQ, et al. Genotyping Cryptosporidium andersoni in cattle in Shaanxi Province, Northwestern China. 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