{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T15:03:46Z","timestamp":1790089426814,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Giardia lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    (syn\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Giardia duodenalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is an important protozoan parasite that can cause enterocyte damage and loss of brush border of the epithelial cells in the intestine, resulting in shortening of microvilli and altered epithelial barrier function. Many animals have been detected as the hosts of the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . However, the information on the epidemiology and molecular detection of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dairy calves and sika deer in northeastern China is limited. To investigate the prevalence and genotypes of dairy calves and sika deer in northeastern China, a total of 321 fecal samples from dairy calves in Heilongjiang Province and 818 fecal samples from sika deer in four provinces (Jilin Province, Heilongjiang Province, Liaoning Province, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region) in China were conducted by PCR methods, between September 2017 and April 2018. The overall prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dairy calves in Heilongjiang Province and sika deer in the four provinces was 4.98% (16\/321) and 0.61% (5\/818), respectively. In this study, the point prevalence of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. in different factor groups was dissimilar. A total of 16\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Giardia<\/jats:italic>\n                    spp. positive samples in dairy calves were identified as assemblage E based on the triosephosphate isomerase (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">tpi<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), \u03b2-giardine (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bg<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and glutamate dehydrogenase (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gdh<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) genes. Furthermore, two positive samples of assemblage A and three positive samples of assemblage E were identified with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">gdh<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bg<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes in the sika deer. Assemblage A was zoonotic genotype of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and assemblage E was identified as the predominant assemblage in dairy calves and sika deer. This study reported the prevalence and genotypes of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dairy calves in Heilongjiang Province and sika deer in four provinces in China. These results provided basic information to understand the epidemiology of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">G. lamblia<\/jats:italic>\n                    in dairy calves and sika deer in China.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2020.2757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T10:28:22Z","timestamp":1624444102000},"page":"685-691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Detection of Point Prevalence and Assemblages of\n                    <i>Giardia<\/i>\n                    spp. in Dairy Calves and Sika Deer, Northeast China"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ning","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao-Xian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Fu","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nian-Yu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Yang","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, P.R. China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuang","family":"Lyu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, P.R. China."},{"name":"Qingdao Jiazhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Qingdao, P.R. 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