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In the present study, we describe the first molecularly characterized autochthonous case of ACD in Rond\u00f4nia, Southwestern Amazonia. The patient, a 39-year-old male resident in the small city of Cujubim, presented typical ACD symptoms: fever, asthenia, myalgia, progressive dyspnea, swelling of the legs, and tiredness at minimal efforts, all compatible with ACD and indicative of cardiac involvement. A thick blood drop test revealed trypomastigote forms of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trypanosoma cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    genotyped as TcIV. An epidemiological investigation ruled out oral infection, and support for vectorial transmission included the finding of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Panstrongylus geniculatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    positive for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T. cruzi<\/jats:italic>\n                    (TcIII and TcIV) inside the tent used by the patient when harvesting forest timber, and a circular cutaneous lesion resembling a chagoma of inoculation. Treatment with benznidazole led to blood parasite clearance as confirmed by molecular tests. Altogether, our findings fitted well into the ecological scenario where deforestation and colonization of forested areas represent an important risk factor to the adaptation of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P. geniculatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    to human habitats, favoring vectorial transmission of CD in the Amazonian region.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2021.0086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]],"date-time":"2022-04-11T11:27:51Z","timestamp":1649676471000},"page":"244-251","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Acute Chagas Disease Caused by\n                    <i>Trypanosoma cruzi<\/i>\n                    TcIV and Transmitted by\n                    <i>Panstrongylus geniculatus<\/i>\n                    : Molecular Epidemiological Insights Provided by the First Documented Autochthonous Case in Rond\u00f4nia, Southwestern Amazonia, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3850-9182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Genimar Rebou\u00e7as","family":"Juli\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Rond\u00f4nia, Laborat\u00f3rio de Entomologia-I, Porto Velho, Brasil."},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Epidemiologia da Amaz\u00f4nia Ocidental\u2014INCT EpiAmO, Fiocruz Rond\u00f4nia, Porto Velho, Brasil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana Ayres Henrique","family":"Bragan\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Medicina Tropical de Rond\u00f4nia, Porto Velho, Brasil."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Guedes","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Medicina Tropical de Rond\u00f4nia, Porto Velho, 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