{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T17:38:30Z","timestamp":1789839510117,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    In April 2021, a plague outbreak was identified within one\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Marmota himalayana<\/jats:italic>\n                    family shortly after emerging from hibernation, during plague surveillance in the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. himalayana<\/jats:italic>\n                    plague foci of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A total of five marmots were found dead of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    near the same burrow; one live marmot was positive of\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    fraction 1 (F1) antibody. Comparative genome analysis shows that few single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected among the nine strains, indicating the same origin of the outbreak. The survived marmot shows a high titer of F1 antibody, higher than the mean titer of all marmots during the 2021 monitoring period (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">W<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009391.00,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Z<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.81,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Marmots live with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    during hibernation when the pathogen is inhibited by hypothermia. But they wake up during or just after hibernation with body temperature rising to 37\u00b0C, when\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    goes through optimal growth temperature, increases virulence, and causes death in marmots. A previous report has shown human plague cases caused by excavating marmots during winter; combined, this study shows the high risk of hibernation marmot carrying\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . This analysis provides new insights into the transmission of the highly virulent\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. himalayana<\/jats:italic>\n                    plague foci and drives further effort upon plague control during hibernation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2022.0010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,5]],"date-time":"2022-07-05T11:53:48Z","timestamp":1657022028000},"page":"410-418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Plague Outbreak of a\n                    <i>Marmota himalayana<\/i>\n                    Family Emerging from Hibernation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Deming","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ran","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhuang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Healthcare Department, Shenzhen Nanshan Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junrong","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Prevention and Control Department, Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asaiti","family":"Bukai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Prevention and Control Department, Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinmin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plague Prevention and Control Department, Akesai Kazak Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiuquan, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxiao","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Plague and Brucellosis Prevention and Control, Gansu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lanzhou, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongyue","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaokai","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaiqi","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4927-4662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 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