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In 2022, JEV was detected in Australia on a hitherto unprecedented scale, with local transmission by indigenous mosquitoes to amplifying swine hosts and to humans. In this study, we review this recent disease activity, propose possible routes of virus movement, ecological drivers of activity, and consider possible future transmission scenarios. Measures to enhance current surveillance systems and potential strategies for health authorities to minimize future risks are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2022.0037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,10]],"date-time":"2022-11-10T10:40:59Z","timestamp":1668076859000},"page":"529-534","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Japanese Encephalitis Virus Emergence in Australia: Public Health Importance and Implications for Future Surveillance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Craig R.","family":"Williams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cameron E.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Entomology, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia."},{"name":"Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Higgs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biosecurity Research Institute, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew F.","family":"van den Hurk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Queensland Government, Archerfield, Queensland, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","unstructured":"Animal Health Australia. 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