{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T23:52:06Z","timestamp":1791935526551,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lyme borreliosis (LB) is a tick-borne zoonotic disease endemic in many European countries, including Finland. We describe the incidence, time trends, and geographical distribution of LB in Finland for the period 2015\u20132020. The data generated can help inform public health policy, including prevention strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrieved online-available LB cases and incidence from two Finnish national databases. Microbiologically confirmed LB cases were identified from the National Infectious Disease Register and clinically diagnosed LB cases from the National Register of Primary Health Care Visits (Avohilmo), with the total LB cases equal to the sum from these two sources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 33,185 LB cases were reported for the 2015\u20132020 period, of which 12,590 (38%) were microbiologically confirmed and 20,595 (62%) were clinically diagnosed. The average annual national incidences for total, microbiologically confirmed, and clinically diagnosed LB were, respectively, 99.6, 38.1, and 61.4 per 100,000 population. The total LB incidence was highest in the south to southwestern coastal areas by the Baltic Sea and in eastern areas, with average annual incidences of 109.0 to 207.3\/100,000. The \u00c5land Islands were a hyperendemic region with an average annual incidence of 2473.9\/100,000. The highest incidence was among persons aged &gt;60 years, peaking at age 70\u201374 years. Most cases were reported between May and October, with a peak in July and August.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of LB varied substantially by hospital district, and many regions reached incidences comparable with other high incidence countries, suggesting preventive measures such as vaccines may be an efficient use of resources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2022.0047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,18]],"date-time":"2023-04-18T11:44:14Z","timestamp":1681818254000},"page":"256-264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in Finland: Exploring Observed Trends Over Time Using Public Surveillance Data, 2015\u20132020"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jozica","family":"Skufca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, P95, Koning Leopold III Iaan 1, Leuven, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"De Smedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, P95, Koning Leopold III Iaan 1, Leuven, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Pilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines, Pfizer Corporation Austria, Wien, Vienna, Austria."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Vyse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines Medical Affairs, Pfizer Ltd, Walton Oaks, Tadworth, United Kingdom."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Begier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine Clinical Research and Development, Pfizer Inc, Pearl River, New York, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, P95, Koning Leopold III Iaan 1, Leuven, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"Riera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Pharmacovigilance, P95, Koning Leopold III Iaan 1, Leuven, Belgium."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradford D.","family":"Gessner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines Medical Development and Scientific\/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Stark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccines Medical Development and Scientific\/Clinical Affairs, Pfizer Inc, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-006-0167-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.0533"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-018-3417-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2016.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-33136-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05555-w"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_9_1","unstructured":"Finnish institute for health and welfare (THL). Finnish National Infectious Diseases Register. Available from: https:\/\/thl.fi\/en\/web\/infectious-diseases-and-vaccinations\/surveillance-and-registers\/finnish-national-infectious-diseases-register [Last accessed: January 29 2021]."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_10_1","unstructured":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Lyme borreliosis in Avohilmo register visits to physician outpatient care. Available from: https:\/\/sampo.thl.fi\/pivot\/prod\/en\/infestat\/borre\/fact_infestat_borre?row=hcdmunicipality2020-572572&column=weeks-546468&filter=measure-546834 [Last accessed: January 29 2021]."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_11_1","unstructured":"Finnish institute for health and welfare (THL). Register of Primary Health Care visits. Available from: https:\/\/thl.fi\/en\/web\/thlfi-en\/statistics\/information-on-statistics\/register-descriptions\/register-of-primary-health-care-visits [Last accessed: January 29 2021]."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_12_1","unstructured":"Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Statistical database of the Infectious Diseases Register. Lymen borrelioosi. Available from: https:\/\/sampo.thl.fi\/pivot\/prod\/fi\/ttr\/shp\/fact_shp?row=area-12260&column=time-12059&filter=reportgroup-12465 [Last accessed: January 29 2021]."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31738-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1361-1365.1999"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Finland: Health system review","volume":"21","author":"Keskimaki I","year":"2019","unstructured":"Keskimaki I, , Tynkkynen LK, , Reissell E, et al. Finland: Health system review. Health Syst Transit, 2019; 21:1\u2013166.","journal-title":"Health Syst Transit"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2108.141878"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-3131-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/emi.2017.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1215"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_20_1","unstructured":"Lorenc T Jones-Diette J Blanchard L et al. Department of Health Reviews Facility. Incidence and surveillance of Lyme disease. Systematic review and policy mapping. 2017. Available from: https:\/\/eppi.ioe.ac.uk\/CMS\/Portals\/0\/PDF%20reviews%20and%20summaries\/Lyme%20disease%20surveillance%202017%20Lorenc.pdf [Last accessed: November 11 2022]."},{"key":"e_1_3_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina56030115"},{"key":"e_1_3_7_22_1","unstructured":"R Core Team. 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