{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T06:57:32Z","timestamp":1777877852562,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In Lyme-endemic areas, limited research has investigated the risk of tick-borne diseases among frontline workers in fire management. This study aimed to compare the exposure histories to ticks and tick-borne pathogens, knowledge, and prevention practices between individuals engaged in fire-related forest management and those participating in recreational activities within Santa Cruz County, CA, in an area of high risk of tick exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Blood samples from 55 forest workers and 58 members of the public were tested for bacterial DNA of and antibodies to\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Anaplasma phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Rickettsia<\/jats:italic>\n                      species. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 54 workers and 84 members of the public to identify gaps in knowledge and prevention practices.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although workers had a higher percentage of positive\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">B. burgdorferi<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies than the public (5.5% compared with 1.7%), the difference was not statistically significant. Conversely, rickettsial antibodies were more prevalent among the public (17.2% versus 3.6% for workers), but specificity to pathogenic bacteria could not be confirmed. No DNA for the three pathogens or antibodies against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">A. phagocytophilum<\/jats:italic>\n                      were detected. Many workers and members of the public reported tick bites (67.4% of participants), with a notable 11% increase among workers in the odds of being bitten for each additional year spent working in forests. Although workers took greater precautions, significant knowledge and practice gaps were identified among both populations, such as an inability to distinguish tick species from common arthropods (mites, spiders, fleas), overestimating the size of ticks, and inappropriate tick-removal techniques.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study underscores the risk of tick-borne diseases faced by fire management workers in Lyme disease\u2013endemic regions. The findings emphasize the necessity for future studies of Lyme disease within this population, and highlight the urgent need for enhanced training programs to minimize these risks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2024.0012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,29]],"date-time":"2024-04-29T04:26:12Z","timestamp":1714364772000},"page":"745-752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence and Knowledge of Tick-Borne Disease Among Forest Management Workers in Santa Cruz, California"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5571-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Rubino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0208"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0243950"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Tick removal. Atlanta GA; 2022. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ticks\/removing_a_tick.html [Last accessed: January18 2024]."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","first-page":"469","article-title":"Risk of tick-borne diseases in various categories of employment among forestry workers in eastern Poland","volume":"19","author":"Cisak E","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cisak E, , Zaj\u0105c V, , W\u00f3jcik-Fatla A, et al. Risk of tick-borne diseases in various categories of employment among forestry workers in eastern Poland. Ann Agric Environ Med, 2012; 19(3):469\u2013474.","journal-title":"Ann Agric Environ Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-018-2860-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2006.6.83"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"Clinical, epidemiologic, and environmental surveillance for ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in an endemic area of northern California","volume":"30","author":"Fritz CL","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fritz CL, , Bronson LR, , Smith CR, et al. Clinical, epidemiologic, and environmental surveillance for ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in an endemic area of northern California. J Vector Ecol, 2005; 30(1):4\u201310.","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Human anaplasmosis in north-eastern Poland: Seroprevalence in humans and prevalence in Ixodes ricinus ticks","volume":"11","author":"Grzeszczuk A","year":"2004","unstructured":"Grzeszczuk A, , Sta\u0144czak J, , Kubica-Biernat B, et al. Human anaplasmosis in north-eastern Poland: Seroprevalence in humans and prevalence in Ixodes ricinus ticks. Ann Agric Environ Med, 2004; 11(1):99\u2013103.","journal-title":"Ann Agric Environ Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2018.1489954"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjaa297"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12020296"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2019.2489"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01690092"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy614"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_1","unstructured":"Sohi I Djamba Y Kjemtrup A et al. Epidemiologic Summary of Lyme Disease in California 2013-2019. CDPH; 2021. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdph.ca.gov\/Programs\/CID\/DCDC\/CDPH%20Document%20Library\/LymeDiseaseEpiSummary2013-2019.pdf [Last accessed: October12 2023]."},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010355"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2005.73.1083"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2017.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1307\/5\/mp.5893.2014.017"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2012.09.003"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_22_1","first-page":"280","article-title":"Study on tick-borne rickettsiae in eastern Poland. II. Serological response of the occupationally exposed populations","volume":"20","author":"Zaj\u0105c V","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zaj\u0105c V, , W\u00f3jcik-Fatla A, , Cisak E, et al. Study on tick-borne rickettsiae in eastern Poland. II. 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