{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T14:08:55Z","timestamp":1791641335825,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Highlighting the individual, host\u2013vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for knowlesi malaria were consequential toward more focused and effective prevention and control strategies. This study aims to identify the individual, host\u2013vector interactions, and environmental risk factors for Plasmodium knowlesi malaria among at-risk communities in Peninsular Malaysia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A case\u2013control study was conducted involving laboratory-confirmed cases of P. knowlesi malaria, while a locality-matched individual with no history of fever and tested negative for malaria was taken as control. Univariate and multiple logistic regression were applied to evaluate the potential risk factors among respondents using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Results showed higher cases among males as compared to females (76.1% vs. 23.9%). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed being male is 3.51 higher risk (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) to become a case. Respondents whose place of work or study is near the forest edge have 44.0% lower risk (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.030), while those living in the Orang Asli village were 56.0% lower risk as compared to the organized village to become a case (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.035).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrated that gender emerges as an independent individual risk factor while residing near a forest edge, in an Orang Asli village, or occupying workers\u2019 longhouses situated in hilly areas lowered the environmental risk among respondents. These findings attested that alternative directions must be considered in addressing the known risk factors associated with this type of malaria and the design of prevention and control programs should be tailored to the unique characteristics of each population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2024.0023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T10:00:57Z","timestamp":1732528857000},"page":"167-179","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Individual, Host\u2013Vector Interactions, and Environmental Risk Factors for\n                    <i>Plasmodium knowlesi<\/i>\n                    Malaria Among At-Risk Communities in Peninsular Malaysia: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Hafizah","family":"Pasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia Kuantan Campus, Kuantan, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Mohamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arina Anis","family":"Azlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Rezal","family":"Hamzah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Business and Communication, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Rahim","family":"Sulong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Affendi","family":"Isa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sivasangari","family":"Genapathy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazwani","family":"Damanhuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Media and Communication, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-016-1411-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936-022-04193-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Attitudes towards Plasmodium knowlesi malaria prevention behaviours among at-risk communities and health districts officers\u2019 efforts and challenges in promoting these behaviours: An elicitation study in Peninsular Malaysia","volume":"39","author":"Azlan AA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Azlan AA, , Hamzah MR, , Pasi H, et al. 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