{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:08:01Z","timestamp":1785888481731,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]],"date-time":"2024-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730419200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The rickettsioses, except for typhus fever and scrub typhus (ST), were not really recognized as distinct clinical entities until the early 20th century. Only when specific rickettsial serologic testing was introduced in the 1940s could the precise etiologies of various rickettsial diseases (RDs) be determined with certainty. Although ST is a well- recognized zoonotic disease entity, but non-scrub typhus rickettsial infection like spotted fever group and typhus group are not well studied in India and are still underestimated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report cases who had shown seropositivity of spotted fever and typhus fever RD in IgM and IgG ELISA whose samples were referred from various hospitals of Delhi\/National Capital Region in which clinicians had strong suspicion of rickettsiosis other than ST or Weil\u2014Felix test found positive for any of the OX2, 19, and K antigens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We reported 18 cases of SFG and TGRD with mostly cases presented with fever followed by hepato-intestinal symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The vast variability and nonspecific presentation of rickettsiosis in spotted and typhus fever at times have often made it difficult to diagnose clinically. Prompt antibiotic therapy shortens the course of the disease, lowers the risk of complications, and in turn, reduces morbidity and mortality owing to RDs. There is a distinct need for physicians and health care workers at all levels of care in India to be aware of the clinical features, available diagnostic tests and their interpretation, and the therapy for these infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2024.0024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T12:55:05Z","timestamp":1718628905000},"page":"784-787","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Case Series on Spotted Fever and Typhus Fever Seropositivity at National Center for Disease Control and Epidemiological Perspective"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Stuti","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cordelia","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakriti","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jyoti","family":"Kataria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharda","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishesh","family":"Sood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monil","family":"Singhai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.19-0642"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2054\/6\/ijcmas.2019.803.058"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_4_1","article-title":"Typhus in Kashmir","volume":"80","author":"Hussain N","year":"1945","unstructured":"Hussain N. Typhus in Kashmir. Indian Medical Gazette, 1945; 80(3). https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29015851\/","journal-title":"Indian Medical Gazette"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0255-0857.188315"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_5_6_1","first-page":"297","article-title":"Typhus fevers in Kashmir State. Part II. Murine typhus","volume":"39","author":"Kalra SL","year":"1951","unstructured":"Kalra SL, , Rao KN. Typhus fevers in Kashmir State. Part II. Murine typhus. Indian J Med Res, 1951; 39(3):297\u2013302. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/14937743\/","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10105395211015864"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_8_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Rickettsial diseases","volume":"60","author":"Mahajan SK","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mahajan SK. Rickettsial diseases. J Assoc Physicians India, 2012; 60:37\u201344. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23405539\/","journal-title":"J Assoc Physicians India"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2018.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_10_1","unstructured":"Manual on zoonotic disease of public health importance. 2016. Available from: https:\/\/ncdc.mohfw.gov.in\/WriteReadData\/l892s\/File618.pdf [Last accessed: May24 2024]."},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_5_11_1","article-title":"A case of fever resembling Brill\u2019s disease","volume":"52","author":"Megaw JWD","year":"1917","unstructured":"Megaw JWD. A case of fever resembling Brill\u2019s disease. Indian Medical Gazette, 1917; 52(1).","journal-title":"Indian Medical Gazette"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_5_12_1","first-page":"538","article-title":"Serological evidence of Rickettsial infections in Delhi","volume":"135","author":"Mittal V","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mittal V, , Gupta N, , Bhattacharya D, et al. Serological evidence of Rickettsial infections in Delhi. Indian J Med Res, 2012; 135(4):538\u2013541.","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_5_13_1","first-page":"1393","article-title":"Rickettsial infections in South India\u2014How to spot the spotted fever","volume":"38","author":"Murali N","year":"2001","unstructured":"Murali N, , Pillai S, , Cherian T, et al. Rickettsial infections in South India\u2014How to spot the spotted fever. Indian Pediatr, 2001; 38(12):1393\u20131396.","journal-title":"Indian Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.18.4.719-756.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-011-0141-7"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_3_5_16_1","article-title":"Rice on Typhus in India","volume":"18","author":"Rice WR","year":"1883","unstructured":"Rice WR. Rice on Typhus in India. 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