{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:09:38Z","timestamp":1791230978514,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]],"date-time":"2014-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1409529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Viral Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (CINs) are a major public health issue. The prevalence of CINs is higher in women with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The objective of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the immune responses in the cervical stroma of HIV-infected and -uninfected women with CIN. The responses were assessed according to the immunohistochemical expression of cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3), and tumor growth factor beta (TGF-\u03b2). In addition, we determined whether there were differences in the local immune responses between patients with CIN1 and CIN 2\/3. A cross-sectional study was performed using material collected by cervical conization in HIV-infected and -uninfected women with CIN. The conization was performed using loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP) from January 1999 to May 2004. The evaluation of cytokines in the cervical stroma was based on immunohistochemistry. No differences were found between the two groups of women regarding HIV status. However, the associations between IL-12 expression and CIN 2\/3 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.016) in HIV-infected women and between IL-4 expression and CIN 1 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.0456) in HIV-infected women were significant when the interaction between HIV infection and lesion grade was assessed. Additionally, a significant association between TGF-\u03b2 expression and CIN 2\/3 in both groups was observed regardless of HIV infection (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.000). An interaction between HIV infection and CIN grade was detected because IL-12 and IL-4 expression increased in the presence of HIV infection. Regarding the CIN grade, there was a high prevalence of TGF-\u03b2 in CIN 2\/3 lesions, which reflected the predominance of an immunoregulatory environment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2014.0032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,28]],"date-time":"2014-08-28T14:57:12Z","timestamp":1409237832000},"page":"350-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cytokine Expression in the Cervical Stroma of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Women with Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Mirian Viviane Maciel Barros","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcia Antoniazi","family":"Michelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Almeida de Souza","family":"Lucena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia Teixeira da Costa","family":"Lodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Sciences of Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria In\u00eas de Miranda","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Santa Casa de Miseric\u00f3rdia","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eddie Fernando C\u00e2ndido","family":"Murta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victor Hugo","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Minas Gerais","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199803)184:3<283::AID-PATH25>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2006.19.481"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2004.025072"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"69","article-title":"Overexpression of VEGF and TGF-beta1 mRNA in Pap smears correlates with progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to cancer: implication of YY1 in cervical tumorigenesis and HPV infection","volume":"31","author":"Baritaki S","year":"2007","unstructured":"Baritaki S, , Sifakis S, , Huerta-Yepez S, et al. 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