{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:43:04Z","timestamp":1787168584927,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Viral Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of acute hepatitis infections. Our previous 3-year study at two large Thai hospitals established an occurrence of 4\u20135% of HEV infections from swine HEV genotype 3 in suspected acute hepatitis patients, with the high incidence in older adults. This study was a serosurvey to determine the prevalence of HEV infections among Thai adults. We obtained sera from 630 healthy blood donors with a median age of 38 (18\u201364) years who attended Thai Red Cross transfusion units throughout Thailand. The donors were domiciled in 16 provinces in the northern (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009159), central (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009193), northeastern (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009158), and southern (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009120) regions. The seroprevalence of IgG antibody to HEV (anti-HEV) was determined by the EUROIMMUN test kit, using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on recombinant antigens derived from ORF2 of HEV genotypes 1 and 3. Demographic data, including information related to HEV infection risk (the number of pigs and the proportion of Muslims in each province), were also obtained. The overall anti-HEV prevalence among Thai adults was 29.7%. The frequencies of anti-HEV found in the northern (28.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u200922.4\u201336.4), northeastern (34.8%, 95% CI\u2009=\u200927.8\u201342.5), and central (35.8%, 95% CI\u2009=\u200929.3\u201342.7) regions were similar, whereas the frequency in the southern (14.2%, 95% CI\u2009=\u20099.0\u201321.5) region, known to have a large Muslim population, was low. An increasing frequency of the specific antibody was observed among the elderly. A low HEV infection rate was associated with an Islamic population where there are low number of pigs and low swine consumption. Furthermore, the higher anti-HEV incidences in the northeastern provinces might relate to the local cultural practice of consuming undercooked pork. Besides the need for an HEV vaccination in the future, there is a requirement for rapid early diagnosis; the undertaking of prevention\u2013management campaigns might also reduce the number of infected patients.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2018.0146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T10:25:59Z","timestamp":1565605559000},"page":"302-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Nationwide Survey of the Seroprevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infections Among Blood Donors in Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sujittra","family":"Jupattanasin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siwaporn","family":"Chainuvati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Watcharasak","family":"Chotiyaputta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tipsuda","family":"Chanmanee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Orawan","family":"Supapueng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ubonwon","family":"Charoonruangrit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sineenart","family":"Oota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suda","family":"Louisirirotchanakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/872431"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24251"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000149370"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","first-page":"502","article-title":"Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus among blood donors in Northern Italy (Sondrio, Lombardy) determined by three different assays","volume":"15","author":"Galli C","year":"2017","unstructured":"Galli C, , Fomiatti L, , Tagliacarne C, et al. 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The prevalence of viral hepatitis among the Hmong people of Northern Thailand. 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The prevalence of anti-hepatitis E in occupational risk groups. 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