{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T08:46:10Z","timestamp":1773305170449,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Advances in Wound Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To design and validate a novel murine model of full-thickness (FT) vaginal wound healing that mirrors postinjury tissue repair and underscores the impact of estrogen signaling-driven healing kinetics, inflammation, and neovascularization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Approach:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Five-week-old female CD1 mice were subjected to two 1-mm FT wounds. To assess wound healing kinetics, vaginas were harvested at 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, and 72\u2009h and 7 days postinjury. Wounds from all time points were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin and trichrome to, respectively, assess the rate of wound closure and tissue deposition. Inflammatory leukocyte (CD45), neutrophil (Ly6G), and macrophage (F480 and CD206) infiltration was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the resulting anti-inflammatory M2 (CD206)\/total (F480) macrophage ratio quantified. Neovascularization (CD31) and estrogen receptor-\u03b1 (ER\u03b1) expression levels were similarly determined by IHC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We observed rapid healing with resolution of mucosal integrity by 48\u2009h (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), and overall neutrophils and polarized type 2 macrophages (M2) apexed at 12\u2009h and reduced to near control levels by day 7 postinjury. Tissue repair was virtually indistinguishable from the surrounding vagina. CD31\n                      <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                      vessels increased between 12\u2009h and day 7 and ER\u03b1 trended to decrease at 12\u2009h postinjury and rebound at day 7 to uninjured levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Innovation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A proof-of-concept murine model to study vaginal wound healing kinetics and postinjury regenerative repair in the vagina was developed and verified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We surmise that murine vaginal mucosal repair is accelerated and potentially regulated by estrogen signaling through the ER\u03b1, thus providing a cellular and molecular foundation to understand vaginal healing responses to injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2020.1198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T10:01:21Z","timestamp":1593511281000},"page":"165-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["An Avant-Garde Model of Injury-Induced Regenerative Vaginal Wound Healing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"McCracken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Balaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sundeep G.","family":"Keswani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie C.-E.","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA."}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","unstructured":"Vaginal Agenesis. 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