{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T23:06:23Z","timestamp":1770764783973,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,3,1]],"date-time":"1998-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":888710400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Since 1983 the incidence of resistance to ampicillin in\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Shigella dysenteriae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. boydii<\/jats:italic>\n                    infections in England and Wales has increased from 42% to 65% and the incidence of resistance to trimethoprim, from 6% to 64%. Furthermore, of 1524 strains received in 1995\u20131996, 46% were resistant to both of these antimicrobials. For\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. sonnei<\/jats:italic>\n                    almost 50% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin or trimethoprim and 15% were resistant to both of these antimicrobials. These results demonstrate that if antibiotic therapy had been indicated for infections with\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. dysenteriae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. flexneri<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. boydii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , then treatment with either ampicillin or trimethoprim may have been ineffective in almost 50% of cases and for\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sh. sonnei<\/jats:italic>\n                    , in 15% of cases. It is concluded that if it is necessary to commence treatment before the results of laboratory-based sensitivity tests are available, the best options would be to use nalidixic acid for children and a fluoroquinolone antibiotic such as ciprofloxacin or ofloxacin, for adults.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]],"date-time":"2009-01-29T12:25:45Z","timestamp":1233231945000},"page":"57-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Increasing Incidence of Antibiotic Resistance in Shigellas from Humans in England and Wales: Recommendations for Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Tom","family":"Cheasty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeremy A.","family":"Skinner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Rowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E. JOHN","family":"Threlfall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"container-title":["Microbial Drug Resistance"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:13:26Z","timestamp":1770747206000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.1998.4.57","relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-6294","1931-8448"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-6294","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-8448","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,3]]}}}