{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T07:41:02Z","timestamp":1776843662767,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Mathematical Society (AMS)","issue":"274","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,28]],"date-time":"2011-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319760000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.ams.org\/publications\/copyright-and-permissions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Math. Comp."],"abstract":"<p>\n                    Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"normal upper Gamma\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\n                            \u0393\n                            \n                          <\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\Gamma<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be a cofinite Fuchsian group acting on hyperbolic two-space\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"double-struck upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                            <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">H<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\mathbb {H}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper M equals normal upper Gamma minus double-struck upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\n                              \u0393\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo class=\"MJX-variant\">\n                              \u2216\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">H<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">M=\\Gamma \\setminus \\mathbb {H}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be the corresponding quotient space. For\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"gamma\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>\n                            \u03b3\n                            \n                          <\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    , a closed geodesic of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper M\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">M<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    , let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"l left-parenthesis gamma right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>\n                              \u03b3\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">l(\\gamma )<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    denote its length. The prime geodesic counting function\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"pi Subscript upper M Baseline left-parenthesis u right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03c0\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\pi _{M}(u)<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    is defined as the number of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"normal upper Gamma\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\n                            \u0393\n                            \n                          <\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\Gamma<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    -inconjugate, primitive, closed geodesics\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"gamma\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>\n                            \u03b3\n                            \n                          <\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\gamma<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    such that\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"e Superscript l left-parenthesis gamma right-parenthesis Baseline less-than-or-equal-to u period\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mi>e<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>l<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mi>\n                                  \u03b3\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2264\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>.<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">e^{l(\\gamma )} \\leq u.<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    The\n                    <italic>prime geodesic theorem<\/italic>\n                    states that:\n                    <disp-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      \\[\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"pi Subscript upper M Baseline left-parenthesis u right-parenthesis equals sigma-summation Underscript 0 less-than-or-equal-to lamda Subscript upper M comma j Baseline less-than-or-equal-to 1 slash 4 Endscripts l i left-parenthesis u Superscript s Super Subscript upper M comma j Superscript Baseline right-parenthesis plus upper O Subscript upper M Baseline left-parenthesis StartFraction u Superscript 3 slash 4 Baseline Over log u EndFraction right-parenthesis comma\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03c0\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:munder>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u2211\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                                <mml:mo>\n                                  \u2264\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mi>\n                                    \u03bb\n                                    \n                                  <\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                    <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                    <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                                <mml:mo>\n                                  \u2264\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:munder>\n                            <mml:mi>li<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2061\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                    <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                    <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <\/mml:msub>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>O<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo>(<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mfrac>\n                                <mml:msup>\n                                  <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                    <mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn>\n                                    <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                      <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <\/mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mi>log<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mo>\n                                    \u2061\n                                    \n                                  <\/mml:mo>\n                                  <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:mfrac>\n                              <mml:mo>)<\/mml:mo>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\pi _M(u) = \\sum _{0 \\leq \\lambda _{M,j} \\leq 1\/4} \\operatorname {li}(u^{s_{M,j}}) + O_M \\left (\\frac {u^{3\/4}}{\\log u}\\right ),<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                      \\]\n                    <\/disp-formula>\n                    where\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"0 equals lamda Subscript upper M comma 0 Baseline greater-than lamda Subscript upper M comma 1 Baseline greater-than midline-horizontal-ellipsis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03bb\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03bb\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u22ef\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">0=\\lambda _{M,0} &gt; \\lambda _{M,1} &gt; \\cdots<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    are the eigenvalues of the hyperbolic Laplacian acting on the space of smooth functions on\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper M\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">M<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    and\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"s Subscript upper M comma j Baseline equals one half plus StartRoot one fourth minus lamda Subscript upper M comma j Baseline EndRoot\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mfrac>\n                              <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mfrac>\n                            <mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msqrt>\n                              <mml:mfrac>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:mfrac>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u2212\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:msub>\n                                <mml:mi>\n                                  \u03bb\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                  <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                  <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msub>\n                            <\/mml:msqrt>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">s_{M,j} = \\frac {1}{2}+\\sqrt {\\frac {1}{4} - \\lambda _{M,j} }<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper C Subscript upper M\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">C_{M}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be the smallest implied constant so that\n                    <disp-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      \\[\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"StartAbsoluteValue pi Subscript upper M Baseline left-parenthesis u right-parenthesis minus sigma-summation Underscript 0 less-than-or-equal-to lamda Subscript upper M comma j Baseline less-than-or-equal-to 1 slash 4 Endscripts l i left-parenthesis u Superscript s Super Subscript upper M comma j Superscript Baseline right-parenthesis EndAbsoluteValue less-than-or-equal-to upper C Subscript upper M Baseline StartFraction u Superscript 3 slash 4 Baseline Over log u EndFraction for all u greater-than 1 period\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo>|<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:msub>\n                                <mml:mi>\n                                  \u03c0\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u2212\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:munder>\n                                <mml:mo>\n                                  \u2211\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <mml:mo>\n                                    \u2264\n                                    \n                                  <\/mml:mo>\n                                  <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mi>\n                                      \u03bb\n                                      \n                                    <\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                      <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                      <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                      <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <\/mml:msub>\n                                  <mml:mo>\n                                    \u2264\n                                    \n                                  <\/mml:mo>\n                                  <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                    <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:munder>\n                              <mml:mi>li<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u2061\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:msub>\n                                    <mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                      <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                                      <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                                      <mml:mi>j<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <\/mml:msub>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mo>|<\/mml:mo>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2264\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mfrac>\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                    <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                                  <\/mml:mrow>\n                                  <mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mi>log<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>\n                                  \u2061\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:mfrac>\n                            <mml:mspace width=\"1em\"\/>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mtext>for all\u00a0<\/mml:mtext>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                                <mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo>\n                                <mml:mn>1.<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\left |\\pi _{M}(u)-\\sum _{0 \\leq \\lambda _{M,j} \\leq 1\/4} \\operatorname {li}(u^{s_{M,j}})\\right | \\leq C_{M}\\frac {u^{3\/4}}{\\log {u}} \\quad \\text {for all $u &gt; 1.$}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                      \\]\n                    <\/disp-formula>\n                    We call the (absolute) constant\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper C Subscript upper M\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">C_{M}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    the Huber constant.\n                  <\/p>\n                  <p>\n                    The objective of this paper is to give an effectively computable upper bound of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper C Subscript upper M\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">C_{M}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    for an arbitrary cofinite Fuchsian group. As a corollary we bound the Huber constant for\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper P upper S upper L left-parenthesis 2 comma double-struck upper Z right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mi>S<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mi>L<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">Z<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">PSL(2,\\mathbb {Z})<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    , showing that\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper C Subscript upper M Baseline less-than-or-equal-to 16,607,349,020,658 almost-equals exp left-parenthesis 30.44086643 right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>C<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2264\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>16,607,349,020,658<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2248\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>exp<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2061\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>30.44086643<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">C_{M} \\leq 16{,}607{,}349{,}020{,}658 \\approx \\exp (30.44086643)<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    .\n                  <\/p>","DOI":"10.1090\/s0025-5718-2010-02430-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,12,29]],"date-time":"2010-12-29T14:39:28Z","timestamp":1293633568000},"page":"1163-1196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["An effective bound for the Huber constant for cofinite Fuchsian groups"],"prefix":"10.1090","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Friedman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Jorgenson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Kramer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1112\/S1461157000001467","article-title":"A polynomial with Galois group \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc3f\u2082(\ud835\udd3d\u2081\u2086)","volume":"10","author":"Bosman, Johan","year":"2007","journal-title":"LMS J. 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