{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T18:43:25Z","timestamp":1776797005965,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"American Mathematical Society (AMS)","issue":"287","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407974400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.ams.org\/publications\/copyright-and-permissions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Math. Comp."],"abstract":"<p>\n                    Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper U subset-of-or-equal-to upper H Superscript 0 Baseline left-parenthesis script upper O Subscript double-struck upper P Sub Superscript 1 Subscript times double-struck upper P Sub Superscript 1 Subscript Baseline left-parenthesis 2 comma 1 right-parenthesis right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2286\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:msub>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">O<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:msup>\n                                    <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                      <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <\/mml:msup>\n                                  <mml:mo>\n                                    \u00d7\n                                    \n                                  <\/mml:mo>\n                                  <mml:msup>\n                                    <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                      <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                                    <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                                  <\/mml:msup>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <\/mml:msub>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>2<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">U \\subseteq H^0({\\mathcal {O}_{\\mathbb {P}^1 \\times \\mathbb {P}^1}}(2,1))<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be a basepoint free four-dimensional vector space. The sections corresponding to\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper U\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">U<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    determine a regular map\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"phi Subscript upper U Baseline colon double-struck upper P Superscript 1 Baseline times double-struck upper P Superscript 1 Baseline long right-arrow double-struck upper P cubed\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03d5\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>:<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u00d7\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">\n                              \u27f6\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\phi _U: {\\mathbb {P}^1 \\times \\mathbb {P}^1} \\longrightarrow \\mathbb {P}^3<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . We study the associated bigraded ideal\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper I Subscript upper U Baseline subset-of-or-equal-to k left-bracket s comma t semicolon u comma v right-bracket\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2286\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>k<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">[<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>t<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>;<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>u<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>v<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">]<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I_U \\subseteq k[s,t;u,v]<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    from the standpoint of commutative algebra, proving that there are exactly six numerical types of possible bigraded minimal free resolution. These resolutions play a key role in determining the implicit equation for\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"phi Subscript upper U Baseline left-parenthesis double-struck upper P Superscript 1 Baseline times double-struck upper P Superscript 1 Baseline right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:msub>\n                              <mml:mi>\n                                \u03d5\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mo>\n                                \u00d7\n                                \n                              <\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:msup>\n                                <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                  <mml:mi mathvariant=\"double-struck\">P<\/mml:mi>\n                                <\/mml:mrow>\n                                <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                              <\/mml:msup>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\phi _U({\\mathbb {P}^1 \\times \\mathbb {P}^1})<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    , via work of Bus\u00e9-Jouanolou, Bus\u00e9-Chardin, Botbol and Botbol-Dickenstein-Dohm on the approximation complex\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"script upper Z\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                            <mml:mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">Z<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\mathcal {Z}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . In four of the six cases\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper I Subscript upper U\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:msub>\n                            <mml:mi>I<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mi>U<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:msub>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">I_U<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    has a linear first syzygy; remarkably from this we obtain all differentials in the minimal free resolution. In particular, this allows us to explicitly describe the implicit equation and singular locus of the image.\n                  <\/p>","DOI":"10.1090\/s0025-5718-2013-02764-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T11:48:48Z","timestamp":1376480928000},"page":"1337-1372","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Syzygies and singularities of tensor product surfaces of bidegree (2,1)"],"prefix":"10.1090","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Hal","family":"Schenck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Seceleanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javid","family":"Validashti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-4049(99)00100-0","article-title":"Bigeneric initial ideals, diagonal subalgebras and bigraded Hilbert functions","volume":"150","author":"Aramova, Annetta","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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