{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T14:02:58Z","timestamp":1775829778612,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Mathematical Society (AMS)","issue":"1114","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,16]],"date-time":"2015-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450224000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.ams.org\/publications\/copyright-and-permissions"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Memoirs of the AMS"],"abstract":"<p>\n                    Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">G<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be a simple classical algebraic group over an algebraically closed field\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">K<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    of characteristic\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"p greater-than-or-equal-to 0\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2265\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">p\\geq 0<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    with natural module\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper W\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>W<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">W<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . Let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">H<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be a closed subgroup of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">G<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    and let\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper V\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>V<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    be a nontrivial\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"p\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">p<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    -restricted irreducible tensor indecomposable rational\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K upper G\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">KG<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    -module such that the restriction of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper V\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>V<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    to\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">H<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    is irreducible. In this paper we classify the triples\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"left-parenthesis upper G comma upper H comma upper V right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>V<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">(G,H,V)<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    of this form, where\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper V not-equals upper W comma upper W Superscript asterisk\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mi>V<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>\n                              \u2260\n                              \n                            <\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>W<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:msup>\n                              <mml:mi>W<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n                                <mml:mo>\n                                  \u2217\n                                  \n                                <\/mml:mo>\n                              <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <\/mml:msup>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V \\neq W,W^{*}<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    and\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">H<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    is a disconnected almost simple positive-dimensional closed subgroup of\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">G<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    acting irreducibly on\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper W\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>W<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">W<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    . Moreover, by combining this result with earlier work, we complete the classification of the irreducible triples\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"left-parenthesis upper G comma upper H comma upper V right-parenthesis\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo>,<\/mml:mo>\n                            <mml:mi>V<\/mml:mi>\n                            <mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo>\n                          <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">(G,H,V)<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    where\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper G\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>G<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">G<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    is a simple algebraic group over\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper K\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>K<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">K<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    , and\n                    <inline-formula content-type=\"math\/mathml\">\n                      <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" alttext=\"upper H\">\n                        <mml:semantics>\n                          <mml:mi>H<\/mml:mi>\n                          <mml:annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">H<\/mml:annotation>\n                        <\/mml:semantics>\n                      <\/mml:math>\n                    <\/inline-formula>\n                    is a maximal closed subgroup of positive dimension.\n                  <\/p>","DOI":"10.1090\/memo\/1114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]],"date-time":"2014-12-16T08:58:24Z","timestamp":1418720304000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Irreducible almost simple subgroups of classical algebraic groups"],"prefix":"10.1090","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Timothy","family":"Burness","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Souma\u00efa","family":"Ghandour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Claude","family":"Marion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Testerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"14","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S0027763000017438","article-title":"Involutions in Chevalley groups over fields of even order","volume":"63","author":"Aschbacher, Michael","year":"1976","journal-title":"Nagoya Math. 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