{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T09:19:16Z","timestamp":1791105556688,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MBoC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hemidesmosomes (HDs) are multiprotein structures that anchor epithelial cells to the basement membrane. HD components include the \u03b16\u03b24 integrin, plectin, and BPAGs (bullous pemphigoid antigens). HD disassembly in keratinocytes is necessary for cells to migrate and can be induced by EGF through \u03b24 integrin phosphorylation. We have identified a novel phosphorylation site on the \u03b24 integrin: S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>. Preventing phosphorylation by mutating S\u2192A<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>results in increased incorporation of \u03b24 into HDs and resistance to EGF-induced disassembly. In contrast, mutating S\u2192D<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>(mimicking phosphorylation) partially mobilizes \u03b24 from HDs and potentiates the disassembly effects of other phosphorylation sites. In contrast to previously described sites that are phosphorylated upon growth factor stimulation, S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>already exhibits high constitutive phosphorylation, suggesting additional functions. Constitutive phosphorylation of S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>is distinctively enriched at the trailing edge of migrating keratinocytes where HDs are disassembled. Although most of this S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>-phosphorylated \u03b24 is found dissociated from HDs, a substantial amount can be associated with HDs near the cell margins, colocalizing with plectin but always excluding BPAGs, suggesting that phospho-S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>might be a mechanism to dissociate \u03b24 from BPAGs. S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>phosphorylation is PKC dependent. These data suggest an important role for S<jats:sub>1424<\/jats:sub>in the gradual disassembly of HDs induced by cell retraction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e08-06-0646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,13]],"date-time":"2008-11-13T02:10:25Z","timestamp":1226542225000},"page":"56-67","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Phosphorylation of a Novel Site on the \u03b24 Integrin at the Trailing Edge of Migrating Cells Promotes Hemidesmosome Disassembly"],"prefix":"10.1091","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Emily C.","family":"Germain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya M.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Rabinovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Biology and Angiogenesis, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1076","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6336(97)80001-0","volume":"31","author":"Beaulieu J. F.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Prog. Histochem. Cytochem"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(91)01013-R","volume":"201","author":"Boyle W. J.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3141","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.111.6.3141","volume":"111","author":"Carter W. G.","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B4","volume-title":"Current Protocols in Molecular Biology","author":"Cormack B.","year":"2003"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2003.08.041","volume":"13","author":"Cullen P. J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Biol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1494","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M008663200","volume":"276","author":"Dans M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4827(02)00028-9","volume":"283","author":"deHart G. W.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res"},{"key":"B8","first-page":"816","volume":"48","author":"Falcioni R.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.02-01-0601"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1993.1166","volume":"207","author":"Gipson I. K.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.8.8666164","volume":"10","author":"Green K. J.","year":"1996","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s004410100462","volume":"306","author":"Herold-Mende C.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.116.6.1497","volume":"116","author":"Hieda Y.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32719","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.52.32719","volume":"272","author":"Huttenlocher A.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(92)90115-S","volume":"69","author":"Hynes R. O.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.020941","volume":"121","author":"Iwanicki M. P.","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.00241","volume":"116","author":"Koster J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e03-09-0697"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2006.05.004","volume":"16","author":"Litjens S. H.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e03-05-0268"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.134.1.241","volume":"134","author":"Mainiero F.","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200105017","volume":"155","author":"Mariotti A.","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(00)89100-X","volume":"5","author":"Mercurio A. M.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(98)00003-1","volume":"18","author":"Nievers M. G.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04665","volume":"440","author":"Pertz O.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4674","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.10.4674","volume":"90","author":"Qatsha K. A.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.139.7.1873","volume":"139","author":"Rabinovitz I.","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.146.5.1147","volume":"146","author":"Rabinovitz I.","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4351","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.10.4351-4360.2004","volume":"24","author":"Rabinovitz I.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.103.2.475","volume":"103","author":"Riddelle K. S.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092053","volume":"302","author":"Ridley A. J.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/S1534-5807(03)00201-6","volume":"5","author":"Santoro M. M.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"18.13.11","volume-title":"Current Protocols in Molecular Biology","author":"Sefton B. M.","year":"1997"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.10089","volume":"54","author":"Tsuruta D.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cell Motil. Cytoskelet"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124361","volume":"115","author":"Uematsu J.","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biochem"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)30929-4","volume":"25","author":"Van Waes C.","year":"1992","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am"},{"key":"B37","first-page":"5434","volume":"55","author":"Van Waes C.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7696(05)45001-9","volume":"245","author":"Wells A.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cytol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-04-0306"}],"container-title":["Molecular Biology of the Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T19:47:24Z","timestamp":1632167244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.molbiolcell.org\/doi\/10.1091\/mbc.e08-06-0646"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Richard O.","family":"Hynes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1091\/mbc.e08-06-0646"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1091\/mbc.e08-06-0646","relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-1524","1939-4586"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-1524","type":"print"},{"value":"1939-4586","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}