{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T04:07:06Z","timestamp":1778645226337,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)","issue":"15","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MBoC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We have analyzed the role of actin polymerization in retinoic acid (RA)-induced HoxB transcription, which is mediated by the HoxB regulator Prep1. RA induction of the HoxB genes can be prevented by the inhibition of actin polymerization. Importantly, inhibition of actin polymerization specifically affects the transcription of inducible Hox genes, but not that of their transcriptional regulators, the RARs, nor of constitutively expressed, nor of actively transcribed Hox genes. RA treatment induces the recruitment to the HoxB2 gene enhancer of a complex composed of \u201celongating\u201d RNAPII, Prep1, \u03b2-actin, and N-WASP as well as the accessory splicing components p54Nrb and PSF. We show that inhibition of actin polymerization prevents such recruitment. We conclude that inducible Hox genes are selectively sensitive to the inhibition of actin polymerization and that actin polymerization is required for the assembly of a transcription complex on the regulatory region of the Hox genes. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e09-02-0114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,29]],"date-time":"2009-05-29T00:44:43Z","timestamp":1243557883000},"page":"3543-3551","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Induction of <i>HoxB<\/i> Transcription by Retinoic Acid Requires Actin Polymerization"],"prefix":"10.1091","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Carmelo","family":"Ferrai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*San Raffaele Scientific Institute and University Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Naum-Ongan\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Longobardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Palazzolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*San Raffaele Scientific Institute and University Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Disanza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victor M.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*San Raffaele Scientific Institute and University Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo P.","family":"Crippa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*San Raffaele Scientific Institute and University Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; and"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Scita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Blasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*San Raffaele Scientific Institute and University Vita Salute San Raffaele, 20132 Milan, Italy; and"},{"name":"IFOM, the FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology Foundation, 20139 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1076","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.5.1434","volume":"17","author":"Berthelsen J.","year":"1998","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1370","volume":"5","author":"Bettinger B. 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