{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T17:10:16Z","timestamp":1764349816989},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["MBoC"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u03b3-Tubulin, a protein critical for microtubule assembly, functions within multiprotein complexes. However, little is known about the respective role of \u03b3-tubulin partners in metazoans. For the first time in a multicellular organism, we have investigated the function of Dgrip84, the Drosophila orthologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae \u03b3-tubulin-associated protein Spc97p. Mutant analysis shows that Dgrip84 is essential for viability. Its depletion promotes a moderate increase in the mitotic index, correlated with the appearance of monopolar or unpolarized spindles, impairment of centrosome maturation, and increase of polyploid nuclei. This in vivo study is strengthened by an RNA interference approach in cultured S2 cells. Electron microscopy analysis suggests that monopolar spindles might result from a failure of centrosome separation and an unusual microtubule assembly pathway via centriolar triplets. Moreover, we point to an involvement of Dgrip84 in the spindle checkpoint regulation and in the maintenance of interphase microtubule dynamics. Dgrip84 also seems essential for male meiosis, ensuring spindle bipolarity and correct completion of cytokinesis. These data sustain that Dgrip84 is required in some aspects of microtubule dynamics and organization both in interphase and mitosis. The nature of a minimal \u03b3-tubulin complex necessary for proper microtubule organization in the metazoans is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e05-08-0722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,20]],"date-time":"2005-10-20T13:47:32Z","timestamp":1129816052000},"page":"272-282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["The<i>Drosophila<\/i>\u03b3-Tubulin Small Complex Subunit Dgrip84 Is Required for Structural and Functional Integrity of the Spindle Apparatus"],"prefix":"10.1091","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Colombi\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Pharmacologie-Sant\u00e9, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 2587, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Pierre Fabre, Institut de Sciences et Technologies du M\u00e9dicament de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Christel","family":"V\u00e9rollet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Pharmacologie-Sant\u00e9, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 2587, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Pierre Fabre, Institut de Sciences et Technologies du M\u00e9dicament de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universitade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Moisand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5089, 31077 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Sunkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universitade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Henri-Marc","family":"Bourbon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Biologie du D\u00e9veloppement, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 5547, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier, Institut d'Exploration Fonctionnelle des G\u00e9nomes, 31062 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Pharmacologie-Sant\u00e9, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 2587, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Pierre Fabre, Institut de Sciences et Technologies du M\u00e9dicament de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"Raynaud-Messina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Pharmacologie-Sant\u00e9, Unit\u00e9 Mixte de Recherche 2587, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique-Pierre Fabre, Institut de Sciences et Technologies du M\u00e9dicament de Toulouse, 31400 Toulouse, France"}]}],"member":"1076","reference":[{"key":"REF1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adams, R. 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Spc98p and Spc97p of the yeast \u03b3-tubulin complex mediate binding to the spindle pole body via their interaction with Spc110p.EMBO J.16, 6985\u20136995.","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/16.23.6985"},{"key":"REF28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Knop, M., and Schiebel, E. (1998). Receptors determine the cellular localization of a \u03b3-tubulin complex and thereby the site of microtubule formation.EMBO J.17, 3952\u20133967.","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.14.3952"},{"key":"REF29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leguy, R., Melki, R., Pantaloni, D., and Carlier, M. F. (2000). Monomeric \u03b3-tubulin nucleates microtubules.J. Biol. Chem.275, 21975\u201321980.","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M000688200"},{"key":"REF30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, K., and Kaufman, T. C. (1996). The homeotic target gene centrosomin encodes an essential centrosomal component.Cell85, 585\u2013596.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81258-1"},{"key":"REF31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, K., Xu, E. Y., Cecil, J. K., Turner, F. R., Megraw, T. L., and Kaufman, T. C. (1998).Drosophilacentrosomin protein is required for male meiosis and assembly of the flagellar axoneme.J. Cell Biol.141, 455\u2013467.","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.141.2.455"},{"key":"REF32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, Q., and Joshi, H. C. (1995). \u03b3-tubulin is a minus end-specific microtubule binding protein.J. Cell Biol.131, 207\u2013214.","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.131.1.207"},{"key":"REF33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Llamazares, S., Tavosanis, G., and Gonzalez, C. (1999). Cytological characterisation of the mutant phenotypes produced during early embryogenesis by null and loss-of-function alleles of the \u03b3Tub37C gene inDrosophila.J. Cell Sci.112, 659\u2013667.","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.112.5.659"},{"key":"REF34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Logarinho, E., Bousbaa, H., Dias, J. M., Lopes, C., Amorim, I., Antunes-Martins, A., and Sunkel, C. E. (2004). Different spindle checkpoint proteins monitor microtubule attachment and tension at kinetochores inDrosophilacells.J. Cell Sci.117, 1757\u20131771.","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.01033"},{"key":"REF35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maiato, H., Rieder, C. L., and Khodjakov, A. (2004). Kinetochore-driven formation of kinetochore fibers contributes to spindle assembly during animal mitosis.J. Cell Biol.167, 831\u2013840.","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200407090"},{"key":"REF36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marschall, L. G., Jeng, R. L., Mulholland, J., and Stearns, T. (1996). Analysis of Tub4p, a yeast \u03b3-tubulin-like protein: implications for microtubule-organizing center function.J. 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